{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T01:16:38Z","timestamp":1776734198010,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Screening for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) with Mantoux tuberculin skin test (TST) has many limitations, including false-positive results due to exposure to\n            <jats:italic>Mycobacterium<\/jats:italic>\n            other than tuberculosis (TB) and BCG vaccination. A total of 474 adult inmates in a county jail were screened for LTBI using TST and a new ESAT-6\/CFP-10 peptide-based whole-blood gamma interferon (IFN-\u03b3) assay. LTBI prevalence was 9.0 and 5.4% as determined by TST and IFN-\u03b3 assay, respectively. Overall, agreement between test results was 90% (\n            <jats:italic>\u03ba =<\/jats:italic>\n            0.25). Positive TST results were significantly associated with increased age (odds ratio [OR], 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.08), African-American ethnicity (OR, 4.97; 95% CI, 1.58 to 15.68), foreign birth (OR, 20.20; 95% CI, 4.21 to 97.02) and prior incarceration (OR, 6.19; 95% CI, 1.48 to 25.95). Positive IFN-\u03b3 assay results were significantly associated with African-American ethnicity (OR, 5.58; 95% CI, 1.16 to 26.74). Factors associated with statistically significant discordance between TST and IFN-\u03b3 assay results were African-American ethnicity (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.77), foreign birth (OR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.07-0.80), and prior incarceration (OR, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.01-0.50). Among subjects born in the United States, African-American ethnicity was the only variable significantly associated with positive test results for both TST (OR, 4.26; 95% CI, 1.38 to 13.16) and IFN-\u03b3 assay (OR, 5.74; 95% CI, 1.19 to 27.75) and remained associated with statistically significant discordance between TST and IFN-\u03b3 assay results. The reactivity of the new IFN-\u03b3 assay is unaffected by prior BCG vaccination or serial TSTs but may be diminished in African-Americans. Future longitudinal studies are needed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of this new assay in detecting LTBI.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.13.1.53-58.2006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,6]],"date-time":"2006-01-06T00:22:51Z","timestamp":1136506971000},"page":"53-58","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Comparison of a New ESAT-6\/CFP-10 Peptide-Based Gamma Interferon Assay and a Tuberculin Skin Test for Tuberculosis Screening in a Moderate-Risk Population"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Emaeil","family":"Porsa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Division of Environmental and Occupational Health, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Center for Human Bacterial Pathogenesis Research, Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lee","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Division of Environmental and Occupational Health, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Center for Human Bacterial Pathogenesis Research, Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Seale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Division of Environmental and Occupational Health, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Center for Human Bacterial Pathogenesis Research, Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George L.","family":"Delclos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Division of Environmental and Occupational Health, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Center for Human Bacterial Pathogenesis Research, Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Division of Environmental and Occupational Health, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Center for Human Bacterial Pathogenesis Research, Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Reich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Division of Environmental and Occupational Health, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Center for Human Bacterial Pathogenesis Research, Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James M.","family":"Musser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Division of Environmental and Occupational Health, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Center for Human Bacterial Pathogenesis Research, Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward A.","family":"Graviss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Division of Environmental and Occupational Health, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Center for Human Bacterial Pathogenesis Research, Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.4.16141","volume":"161","year":"2000","unstructured":"American Thoracic Society. 2000. 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