{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T15:55:41Z","timestamp":1791215741125,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,1]],"date-time":"2014-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eukaryot Cell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intracellular pathogens can replicate efficiently only after they manipulate and modify their host cells to create an environment conducive to replication. While diverse cellular pathways are targeted by different pathogens, metabolism, membrane and cytoskeletal architecture formation, and cell death are the three primary cellular processes that are modified by infections.<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:named-content>is an obligate intracellular protozoan that infects \u223c30% of the world's population and causes severe and life-threatening disease in developing fetuses, in immune-comprised patients, and in certain otherwise healthy individuals who are primarily found in South America. The high prevalence of<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Toxoplasma<\/jats:named-content>in humans is in large part a result of its ability to modulate these three host cell processes. Here, we highlight recent work defining the mechanisms by which<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Toxoplasma<\/jats:named-content>interacts with these processes. In addition, we hypothesize why some processes are modified not only in the infected host cell but also in neighboring uninfected cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/ec.00081-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,21]],"date-time":"2014-06-21T07:51:26Z","timestamp":1403337086000},"page":"965-976","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Toxoplasma gondii Development of Its Replicative Niche: in Its Host Cell and Beyond"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ira J.","family":"Blader","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Ophthalmology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita A.","family":"Koshy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology, BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762009000200011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2003.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2858"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00107-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1996.tb08090.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M409175200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000188"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2009.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0903831106"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2012.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0603391103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2008.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.149.1.167"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.01.056"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M809420200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20110039"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2013.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003665"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E12-11-0827"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1247\/csf.21.47"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20050609"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.3.908"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.12.5508"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002784"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2003.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2006\/001768-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2005.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59745-396-7_3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.112359"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091703"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05395"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1133690"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2011.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002236"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2011.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0010017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/cdg217"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.5.2547-2551.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2011.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.136.5.1173"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/315416a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20061318"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003809"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M100951200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004380100487"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2005.00628.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.147041"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2008.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2014.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2936"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-2869-1_7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1714"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2003.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2005.00622.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.114.19.3495"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.4.1824","article-title":"Toxoplasma gondii-infected cells are resistant to multiple inducers of apoptosis","volume":"160","author":"Nash PB","year":"1998","unstructured":"NashPBPurnerMBLeonRPClarkePDukeRCCurielTJ. 1998. Toxoplasma gondii-infected cells are resistant to multiple inducers of apoptosis. J. Immunol. 160:1824\u20131830.","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.00756"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.00683"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.02934"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2011.00001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-009-1577-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(02)00599-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2013.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2011.01046.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00898-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00255-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003452"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.014266"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506643103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003927"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01170-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01117-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00309-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M608083200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1000012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2010.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2013.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12255"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20130103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2008.05.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050054"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024434"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003320"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1001358"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2010.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1015338108"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.8.5154"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200105)31:5<1475::AID-IMMU1475>3.0.CO;2-C"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2006.02.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002483"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01291-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-02-0666"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2005.00517.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.12.8485"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2008.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7029713"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.10.4099-4104.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1462-5822.1999.00023.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1800"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2006.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1438"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002825"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506070102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.8.4962"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200838318"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1202366109"}],"container-title":["Eukaryotic Cell"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/EC.00081-14","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/EC.00081-14","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,14]],"date-time":"2023-07-14T13:35:17Z","timestamp":1689341717000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/EC.00081-14"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"references-count":109,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/EC.00081-14"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/ec.00081-14","relation":{},"ISSN":["1535-9778","1535-9786"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1535-9778","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-9786","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-07-30","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}