{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T12:24:57Z","timestamp":1791030297470,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,1]],"date-time":"2010-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1288569600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eukaryot Cell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Cryptococcus neoformans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    is an encapsulated yeast that causes a life-threatening meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised individuals. The ability to survive and proliferate at the human body temperature is an essential virulence attribute of this pathogen. This trait is controlled in part by the Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -calcineurin pathway, which senses and utilizes cytosolic calcium for signaling. In the present study, the identification of the\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. neoformans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    gene\n                    <jats:italic>VCX1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which encodes a vacuolar calcium exchanger, is reported. The\n                    <jats:italic>VCX1<\/jats:italic>\n                    knockout results in hypersensitivity to the calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporine A at 35\u00b0C, but not at 30\u00b0C. Furthermore, high concentrations of CaCl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    lead to growth inhibition of the\n                    <jats:italic>vcx1<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutant strain only in the presence of cyclosporine A, indicating that Vcx1 acts in parallel with calcineurin. The loss of\n                    <jats:italic>VCX1<\/jats:italic>\n                    does not influence cell wall integrity or capsule size but decreases secretion of the major capsular polysaccharide glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) in culture supernatants.Vcx1 also influences\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. neoformans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    phagocytosis by murine macrophages and is required for full virulence in mice. Analysis of cellular distribution by confocal microscopy confirmed the vacuolar localization of Vcx1 in\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. neoformans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/ec.00114-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]],"date-time":"2010-10-01T22:20:05Z","timestamp":1285971605000},"page":"1798-1805","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["The Vacuolar Ca\n                    <sup>2+<\/sup>\n                    Exchanger Vcx1 Is Involved in Calcineurin-Dependent Ca\n                    <sup>2+<\/sup>\n                    Tolerance and Virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"L\u00edvia","family":"Kmetzsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. 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