{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T03:14:31Z","timestamp":1790219671979,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]],"date-time":"2012-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eukaryot Cell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Cryptococcus neoformans<\/jats:named-content>\n            , the etiologic agent of cryptococcosis, is an obligately aerobic yeast that inhabits an environmental niche exposed to ambient air. The cell doubling time was significantly prolonged under 1% O\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            relative to that under normoxic conditions. No apparent cell cycle arrest occurred following a shift from ambient air to 1% O\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            . However, yeast cells became hypersensitive to the actin monomer-sequestering agent latrunculin A at 1% O\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            , indicating that proper actin function is critical for growth at low oxygen concentrations. We showed that Sac6, an actin-binding protein, played an important role in cell growth under low oxygen conditions. Sac6 colocalized with cortical actin patches and with the ring structures between mother cells and buds. Under low oxygen conditions, the\n            <jats:italic>sac6<\/jats:italic>\n            deletion mutant grew poorly, and accumulation of the actin capping protein Cap1 was observed in the vacuole of the\n            <jats:italic>sac6\u0394<\/jats:italic>\n            strain. Furthermore, endocytic processes were hampered in the\n            <jats:italic>sac6\u0394<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant, but cell polarity and cytokinesis were not visibly disturbed. The deficiency of endocytosis in the\n            <jats:italic>sac6\u0394<\/jats:italic>\n            strain could be rescued by 1 M sorbitol under 1% O\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            , but growth remained retarded. These results suggest an absence of a direct link in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. neoformans<\/jats:named-content>\n            between endocytosis and coping with the stress of low oxygen conditions. This interpretation is further supported by the observation that deletion of three conserved genes,\n            <jats:italic>ABP1<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>CRN1<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>SLA2<\/jats:italic>\n            , which play important roles in endocytosis, had no effect on growth under 1% O\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            . Interestingly, deletion of\n            <jats:italic>SAC6<\/jats:italic>\n            in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. neoformans<\/jats:named-content>\n            had no effect on virulence in mice.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/ec.00120-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,5]],"date-time":"2012-05-05T12:32:31Z","timestamp":1336221151000},"page":"943-951","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Role of Actin-Bundling Protein Sac6 in Growth of Cryptococcus neoformans at Low Oxygen Concentration"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Yun C.","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ami Khanal","family":"Lamichhane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyung J.","family":"Kwon-Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/121.4.675"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2643162"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.4.5.459"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbr.2010.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.119.5.1151"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01033696"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2009.06895.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2007.05676.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00207-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.061031998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.107.6.2551"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.19.111401.093127"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","first-page":"167","volume-title":"Oxygen supply: theoretical and practical aspects of oxygen supply and microcirculation of tissue","author":"Erdmann W","year":"1973","unstructured":"ErdmannW KunkeS KrellW. 1973. 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