{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T06:12:00Z","timestamp":1781849520454,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]],"date-time":"2014-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eukaryot Cell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Candida tropicalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            , a species closely related to\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Candida albicans<\/jats:named-content>\n            , is an emerging fungal pathogen associated with high mortality rates of 40 to 70%. Like\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. albicans<\/jats:named-content>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Candida dubliniensis<\/jats:named-content>\n            ,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. tropicalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            is able to form germ tubes, pseudohyphae, and hyphae, but the genes involved in hyphal growth machinery and virulence remain unclear in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. tropicalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            . Recently, echinocandin- and azole-resistant\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. tropicalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates have frequently been isolated from various patients around the world, making treatment difficult. However, studies of the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. tropicalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            genes involved in drug tolerance are limited. Here, we investigated the roles of calcineurin and its potential target, Crz1, for core stress responses and pathogenesis in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. tropicalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            . We demonstrate that calcineurin and Crz1 are required for hyphal growth, micafungin tolerance, and virulence in a murine systemic infection model, while calcineurin but not Crz1 is essential for tolerance of azoles, caspofungin, anidulafungin, and cell wall-perturbing agents, suggesting that calcineurin has both Crz1-dependent and -independent functions in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. tropicalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            . In addition, we found that calcineurin and Crz1 have opposite roles in controlling calcium tolerance. Calcineurin serves as a negative regulator, while Crz1 plays a positive role for calcium tolerance in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. tropicalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            .\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/ec.00302-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,18]],"date-time":"2014-01-18T04:02:55Z","timestamp":1390017775000},"page":"844-854","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Calcineurin Controls Hyphal Growth, Virulence, and Drug Tolerance of Candida tropicalis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ying-Lien","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shang-Jie","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin-Yu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-Lin","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia N.","family":"Lehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fitz Gerald S.","family":"Silao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Perpetual Help\u2014Dr. Jose G. 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