{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T14:54:34Z","timestamp":1790952874668,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]],"date-time":"2007-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1167609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eukaryot Cell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The mechanisms by which macromolecules are transported through the cell wall of fungi are not known. A central question in the biology of\n                    <jats:italic>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the causative agent of cryptococcosis, is the mechanism by which capsular polysaccharide synthesized inside the cell is exported to the extracellular environment for capsule assembly and release. We demonstrate that\n                    <jats:italic>C. neoformans<\/jats:italic>\n                    produces extracellular vesicles during in vitro growth and animal infection. Vesicular compartments, which are transferred to the extracellular space by cell wall passage, contain glucuronoxylomannan (GXM), a component of the cryptococcal capsule, and key lipids, such as glucosylceramide and sterols. A correlation between GXM-containing vesicles and capsule expression was observed. The results imply a novel mechanism for the release of the major virulence factor of\n                    <jats:italic>C. neoformans<\/jats:italic>\n                    whereby polysaccharide packaged in lipid vesicles crosses the cell wall and the capsule network to reach the extracellular environment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/ec.00318-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,17]],"date-time":"2006-11-17T20:49:28Z","timestamp":1163796568000},"page":"48-59","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":473,"title":["Vesicular Polysaccharide Export in\n                    <i>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/i>\n                    Is a Eukaryotic Solution to the Problem of Fungal Trans-Cell Wall Transport"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Marcio L.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborato\u0301rio de Estudos Integrados em Bioqui\u0301mica Microbiana, Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Go\u0301es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941590, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Nimrichter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborato\u0301rio de Estudos Integrados em Bioqui\u0301mica Microbiana, Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Go\u0301es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941590, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"De\u0301bora L.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborato\u0301rio de Estudos Integrados em Bioqui\u0301mica Microbiana, Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Go\u0301es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941590, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Frases","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kildare","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"of the Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, New York 10461; and Laborato\u0301rio de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofi\u0301sica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941590, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar","family":"Zaragoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauricio","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Nakouzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Feldmesser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology"},{"name":"and Division of Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arturo","family":"Casadevall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology"},{"name":"and Division of Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0001-37652004000100007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(92)90209-C"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.6.1437"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mcb.14.7.4912-4919.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.65.2.405-411.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.59.1.59-64.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007007704657"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.55.3.742-748.1987"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.3.1238-1244.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.65.5.1899-1907.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-147-8-2355"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.7.4225-4237.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)64849-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.3.2.385-392.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.02-0430fje"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M503404200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M312995200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","first-page":"156","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ibrahim, A. S., H. Sanati, and M. A. Ghannoum. 1996. Lipids of Cryptococcus neoformans, p. 156-167. In R. Prasad and M. A. Ghannoum (ed.), Lipids of pathogenic fungi. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.","journal-title":"Lipids of pathogenic fungi"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(00)88957-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.3.952-958.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M507285200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M509465200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/19.1.10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.12.7860-7868.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2005.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01002901"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI27890"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(99)80025-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.12.7049-7060.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02915096"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01104068"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)62210-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.110.21.2703"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.113.3.1442-1448.1973"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.113.3.1449-1454.1973"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M311165200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.052702799"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/mmy.38.6.407.417"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoneda A. and T. L. Doering. 2006. A eukaryotic capsular polysaccharide is synthesized intracellularly and secreted via exocytosis. Mol. Biol. Cell 17 : 5141-5152.","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e06-08-0701"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.04928.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1251\/bpo68"}],"container-title":["Eukaryotic Cell"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/EC.00318-06","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/EC.00318-06","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T09:13:59Z","timestamp":1645607639000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/EC.00318-06"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/EC.00318-06"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/ec.00318-06","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1057947.509889","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1535-9778","1535-9786"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1535-9778","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-9786","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-10-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2006-11-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2007-01-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}