{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T16:03:45Z","timestamp":1783958625543,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,1]],"date-time":"2017-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491004800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Thailand Research Fund (TRF) and Khon Kaen University, Thailand","award":["TRG5680032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TRG5680032"]}]},{"name":"Khon Kaen University (KKU) Research Fund, Thailand","award":["KKU590302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KKU590302"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Persistent infection with\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Opisthorchis viverrini<\/jats:named-content>\n            causes hepatobiliary abnormalities, predisposing infected individuals to cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). In addition,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:named-content>\n            is highly prevalent in most countries and is a possible risk factor for CCA; however, its role in enhancing hepatobiliary abnormality is unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of coinfection with\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">H. pylori<\/jats:named-content>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">O. viverrini<\/jats:named-content>\n            on hepatobiliary abnormality. Hamsters were divided into four groups: (i) normal, (ii)\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">H. pylori<\/jats:named-content>\n            infected (HP), (iii)\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">O. viverrini<\/jats:named-content>\n            infected (OV), and (iv)\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">O. viverrini<\/jats:named-content>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">H. pylori<\/jats:named-content>\n            infected (OV+HP). At 6 months postinfection, PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to test for the presence of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">H. pylori<\/jats:named-content>\n            in the stomach, gallbladder, and liver. In the liver,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">H. pylori<\/jats:named-content>\n            was detected in the following order: OV+HP, 5 of 8 (62.5%); HP, 2 of 5 (40%); OV, 2 of 8 (25%).\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">H. pylori<\/jats:named-content>\n            was not detected in normal (control) liver tissues. Coinfection induced the most severe hepatobiliary abnormalities, including periductal fibrosis, cholangitis, and bile duct hyperplasia, leading to a significantly decreased survival rate of experimental animals. The greatest thickness of periductal fibrosis was associated with a significant increase in fibrogenesis markers (expression of alpha smooth muscle actin and transforming growth factor beta). Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR revealed that the highest expression levels of genes for proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1 [\n            <jats:italic>IL-1<\/jats:italic>\n            ],\n            <jats:italic>IL-6<\/jats:italic>\n            , and tumor necrosis factor alpha) were also observed in the OV+HP group. These results suggest that coinfection with\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">H. pylori<\/jats:named-content>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">O. viverrini<\/jats:named-content>\n            increased the severity of hepatobiliary abnormalities to a greater extent than either single infection did.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00009-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,31]],"date-time":"2017-01-31T02:20:26Z","timestamp":1485829226000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Coinfection with Helicobacter pylori and Opisthorchis viverrini Enhances the Severity of Hepatobiliary Abnormalities in Hamsters"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Rungtiwa","family":"Dangtakot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Science Program in Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"},{"name":"Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Somchai","family":"Pinlaor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"},{"name":"Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Upsornsawan","family":"Itthitaetrakool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Science Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Apisit","family":"Chaidee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"},{"name":"Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chariya","family":"Chomvarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arunnee","family":"Sangka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chotechana","family":"Wilailuckana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7436-3355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Porntip","family":"Pinlaor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"},{"name":"Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.62"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2012.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Biological agents. 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