{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:28:02Z","timestamp":1787243282943,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]],"date-time":"2020-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595289600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AI103343"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI103343"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AI116917"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI116917"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The intracellular bacterial pathogen\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Salmonella<\/jats:named-content>\n                    is able to evade the immune system and persist within the host. In some cases, these persistent infections are asymptomatic for long periods and represent a significant public health hazard because the hosts are potential chronic carriers, yet the mechanisms that control persistence are incompletely understood. Using a mouse model of chronic typhoid fever combined with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II tetramers to interrogate endogenous,\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    -specific CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    helper T cells, we show that certain host microenvironments may favorably contribute to a pathogen\u2019s ability to persist\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00026-20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,11]],"date-time":"2020-05-11T09:56:11Z","timestamp":1589190971000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["<i>Salmonella<\/i>\n                    Persistence and Host Immunity Are Dictated by the Anatomical Microenvironment"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Jonathan R","family":"Kurtz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wildaliz","family":"Nieves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David L.","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate E.","family":"Israel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haley E.","family":"Adcox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John S.","family":"Gunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa A.","family":"Morici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James B.","family":"McLachlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.01.010401"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2014.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.820"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50343"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.5.2188"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-0348-0445-5_4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2007.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1306437110"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001227"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14712598.2010.529125"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.5.2857-2862.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001043"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.145.4.1265","article-title":"Role of CD4+ T cells and T-independent mechanisms in acquired resistance to Salmonella typhimurium infection","volume":"145","author":"Nauciel C","year":"1990","unstructured":"Nauciel C. 1990. Role of CD4+ T cells and T-independent mechanisms in acquired resistance to Salmonella typhimurium infection. J Immunology 145:1265\u20131269.","journal-title":"J Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20031319"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.60.2.450-454.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.64.3.849-854.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.1.199-203.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2003.02060.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540410026068"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.7.4603"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.57.2.609-615.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019105"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12275-011-1043-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s000110050330"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2894","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.156.8.2894","article-title":"Genetically resistant (Ityr) and susceptible (Itys) congenic mouse strains show similar cytokine responses following infection with Salmonella dublin","volume":"156","author":"Eckmann L","year":"1996","unstructured":"Eckmann L, Fierer J, Kagnoff MF. 1996. Genetically resistant (Ityr) and susceptible (Itys) congenic mouse strains show similar cytokine responses following infection with Salmonella dublin. J Immunol 156:2894\u20132900.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1202183"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2008.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2017.70"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02262-19"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","first-page":"Unit 14.25","article-title":"Measurement of macrophage-mediated killing of intracellular bacteria, including Francisella and Mycobacteria","volume":"14","author":"Elkins KL","year":"2011","unstructured":"Elkins KL, Cowley SC, Conlan JW. 2011. Measurement of macrophage-mediated killing of intracellular bacteria, including Francisella and Mycobacteria. Curr Prot Immunol Chapter 14:Unit 14.25.","journal-title":"Curr Prot Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034812"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.11.6884"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002499"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002966"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2013.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.4.2065"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(10)05004-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2006.00420.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065X.2001.1820105.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/39614"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21498"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2233"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000282069"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000703"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23191"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00272-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01033-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00052-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1808339115"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/146.6.724"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2010.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.08.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.02.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601357"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.186.4.569"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030193"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030687"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.21.7404"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.7.3593-3600.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.3.1407"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0113043"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/635451"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2014.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1244705"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01320"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2577","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.157.6.2577","article-title":"In vivo fate of the inflammatory macrophage during the resolution of inflammation: inflammatory macrophages do not die locally, but emigrate to the draining lymph nodes","volume":"157","author":"Bellingan GJ","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bellingan GJ, Caldwell H, Howie SE, Dransfield I, Haslett C. 1996. In vivo fate of the inflammatory macrophage during the resolution of inflammation: inflammatory macrophages do not die locally, but emigrate to the draining lymph nodes. J Immunol 157:2577\u20132585.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2011.08.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","first-page":"636","article-title":"Comparison of Vi serology and nested PCR in diagnosis of chronic typhoid carriers in two different study populations in typhoid endemic area of India","volume":"41","author":"Nath G","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nath G, Mauryal P, Gulati AK, Singh TB, Srivastava R, Kumar K, Tripathi SK. 2010. Comparison of Vi serology and nested PCR in diagnosis of chronic typhoid carriers in two different study populations in typhoid endemic area of India. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 41:636\u2013640.","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2490"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000862107"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00258-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12650"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.261348198"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2009.9"}],"container-title":["Infection and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.00026-20","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.00026-20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]],"date-time":"2023-09-30T18:28:58Z","timestamp":1696098538000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/IAI.00026-20"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Manuela","family":"Raffatellu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/IAI.00026-20"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.00026-20","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-9567","1098-5522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-9567","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5522","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-01-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-07-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00026-20"}}