{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T07:55:34Z","timestamp":1775980534409,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]],"date-time":"2016-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462060800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006492","name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            , a Lyme disease agent, makes different major outer surface lipoproteins at different stages of its mouse\u2013tick infectious cycle. Outer surface protein A (OspA) coats the spirochetes from the time they enter ticks until they are transmitted to a mammal. OspA is required for normal tick colonization and has been shown to bind a tick midgut protein, indicating that OspA may serve as a tick midgut adhesin. Tick colonization by spirochetes lacking OspA is increased when the infecting blood meal is derived from mice that do not produce antibody, indicating that OspA may protect the spirochetes from host antibody, which will not recognize tick-specific proteins such as OspA. To further study the importance of OspA during tick colonization, we constructed a form of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            in which the\n            <jats:italic>ospA<\/jats:italic>\n            open reading frame, on lp54, was replaced with the\n            <jats:italic>ospC<\/jats:italic>\n            gene or the\n            <jats:italic>ospB<\/jats:italic>\n            gene, encoding a mammal-specific or tick-specific lipoprotein, respectively. These fusions yielded a strain that produces OspC within a tick (from the fusion gene) and during early mammalian infection (from the normal\n            <jats:italic>ospC<\/jats:italic>\n            locus) and a strain that produces OspB in place of OspA within ticks. Here we show that the related, tick-specific protein OspB can fully substitute for OspA, whereas the unrelated, mammal-specific protein OspC cannot. These data were derived from three different methods of infecting ticks, and they confirm and extend previous studies indicating that OspA both protects spirochetes within ticks from mammalian antibody and serves an additional role during tick colonization.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00063-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,8]],"date-time":"2016-03-08T03:38:27Z","timestamp":1457408307000},"page":"1565-1573","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Functional Equivalence of OspA and OspB, but Not OspC, in Tick Colonization by Borrelia burgdorferi"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Kit","family":"Tilly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonotic Pathogens, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Bestor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonotic Pathogens, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia A.","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonotic Pathogens, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, NIH, Hamilton, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7043737"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198303313081301"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.12882"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.33.7.1867-1869.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.7.2909"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.98.2.670"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","first-page":"92","article-title":"Immunochemical and immunological analysis of European Borrelia burgdorferi strains","volume":"263","author":"Wilske B","year":"1986","unstructured":"Wilske B, Preac-Mursic V, Schierz G, Busch KV. 1986. Immunochemical and immunological analysis of European Borrelia burgdorferi strains. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A 263:92\u2013102.","journal-title":"Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","first-page":"126","volume-title":"Lyme disease and related disorders","author":"Wilske B","year":"1988","unstructured":"Wilske B, Preac-Mursic V, Schierz G, Kuhbeck R, Barbour AG, Kramer M. 1988. Antigenic variability of Borrelia burgdorferi, p 126\u2013143. In Benach JL, Bosler EM (ed), Lyme disease and related disorders. New York Academy of Sciences, New York, NY."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00713-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80206-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.9.5063-5072.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.10.5759-5767.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20011870"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.8.3689-3697.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000293"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.11.6577-6585.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2007.05895.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00410-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(03)00097-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20031960"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.10.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0306845101"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00158-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01950-05"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01215-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2008.06264.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2008\/019737-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.12271"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M201547200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M010062200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.5.971"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.4.2139-2150.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01176-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","first-page":"521","article-title":"Isolation and cultivation of Lyme disease spirochetes","volume":"57","author":"Barbour AG","year":"1984","unstructured":"Barbour AG. 1984. Isolation and cultivation of Lyme disease spirochetes. Yale J Biol Med 57:521\u2013525.","journal-title":"Yale J Biol Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/1530366041210738"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","first-page":"433","article-title":"DNA exchange and insertional inactivation in spirochetes","volume":"2","author":"Tilly K","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tilly K, Elias AF, Bono JL, Stewart P, Rosa P. 2000. DNA exchange and insertional inactivation in spirochetes. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 2:433\u2013442.","journal-title":"J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","first-page":"253","article-title":"Electrotransformation of the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi","volume":"47","author":"Samuels DS","year":"1995","unstructured":"Samuels DS. 1995. Electrotransformation of the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Methods Mol Biol 47:253\u2013259.","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.41.2.795-804.1983"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01761.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.52.2.549-554.1986"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01725-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585-40.3.364"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.10.3886-3895.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2007.05746.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI9427"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.6.2874-2883.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00194.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.8.3584"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M412842200"}],"container-title":["Infection and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.00063-16","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.00063-16","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T10:19:09Z","timestamp":1646475549000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/IAI.00063-16"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"G. H.","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/IAI.00063-16"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.00063-16","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-9567","1098-5522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-9567","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5522","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-01-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-02-26","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-04-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}