{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T12:44:30Z","timestamp":1793105070969,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]],"date-time":"2011-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304208000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The cyclic-dimeric-GMP (c-di-GMP)-binding protein PilZ has been implicated in bacterial motility and pathogenesis. Although BB0733 (PlzA), the only PilZ domain-containing protein in\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            , was reported to bind c-di-GMP, neither its role in motility or virulence nor it's affinity for c-di-GMP has been reported. We determined that PlzA specifically binds c-di-GMP with high affinity (dissociation constant [\n            <jats:italic>\n              K\n              <jats:sub>d<\/jats:sub>\n            <\/jats:italic>\n            ], 1.25 \u03bcM), consistent with\n            <jats:italic>\n              K\n              <jats:sub>d<\/jats:sub>\n            <\/jats:italic>\n            values reported for c-di-GMP-binding proteins from other bacteria. Inactivation of the monocistronically transcribed\n            <jats:italic>plzA<\/jats:italic>\n            resulted in an opaque\/solid colony morphology, whereas the wild-type colonies were translucent. While the swimming pattern of mutant cells appeared normal, on swarm plates, mutant cells exhibited a significantly reduced swarm diameter, demonstrating a role of\n            <jats:italic>plzA<\/jats:italic>\n            in motility. Furthermore, the\n            <jats:italic>plzA<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant cells were significantly less infectious in experimental mice (as determined by 50% infectious dose [ID\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            ]) relative to wild-type spirochetes. The mutant also had survival rates in fed ticks lower than those of the wild type. Consequently,\n            <jats:italic>plzA<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant cells failed to complete the mouse-tick-mouse infection cycle, indicating\n            <jats:italic>plzA<\/jats:italic>\n            is essential for the enzootic life cycle of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            . All of these defects were corrected when the mutant was complemented in\n            <jats:italic>cis<\/jats:italic>\n            . We propose that failure of\n            <jats:italic>plzA<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant cells to infect mice was due to altered motility; however, the possibility that an unidentified factor(s) contributed to interruption of the\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            enzootic life cycle cannot yet be excluded.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00075-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]],"date-time":"2011-03-01T21:45:09Z","timestamp":1299015909000},"page":"1815-1825","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Analysis of the Borrelia burgdorferi Cyclic-di-GMP-Binding Protein PlzA Reveals a Role in Motility and Virulence"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Joshua E.","family":"Pitzer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27834"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed Z.","family":"Sultan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27834"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Hayakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, 1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa-cho, Toyota 470-0392, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerry","family":"Hobbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md A.","family":"Motaleb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27834"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.178.1.46-53.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bti739"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00410-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7601918"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.188.10.3600-3613.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.9.2445-2452.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00993-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.6.3371-3383.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04364.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2000.01698.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0607738104"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2006.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.502409"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.4.2139-2150.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2010.07179.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.36.25330"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/3363"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/37551"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2009.00635.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10814.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.180.9.2418-2425.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.0030154"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.8.3433"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.6.3138-3145.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2009.07.065"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt749"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2109"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2008.06281.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00407-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2006.09.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01018-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2005.00579.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2007.05746.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.12.7147-7154.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2010.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0511090103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2008\/017806-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00845-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2007.05879.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.092010499"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2010.07078.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05550.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00209-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1364-3703.2008.00495.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2007.05817.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0504766102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05539.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.200221797"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(06)22021-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.187.23.7963-7969.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.12.3703-3711.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.4.1689-1705.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2009.06945.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2010.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.475808"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585-40.3.364"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M611593200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.25.13865"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","first-page":"493","article-title":"A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoints","volume":"27","author":"Reed L. J.","year":"1938","unstructured":"ReedL. J.MuenchH.. 1938. A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoints. Am. J. Hyg. 27:493\u2013497.","journal-title":"Am. J. Hyg."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01176-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0502565102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.032667699"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2009.06621.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-005-4557-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1086"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/325279a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C600179200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.187.5.1792-1798.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01421-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.176.19.6045-6049.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2009.06971.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.en.40.010195.001333"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2203"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.05042.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2008.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00290-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.29.2.236-243.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025354326877"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/3209"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00714-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.69.1.183"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.187.16.5776-5781.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1159519"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2010.07191.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.61.080706.093426"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01950-05"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2007.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.9.5419-5432.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.3.581-611.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05440.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(97)01202-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0004(01)01852-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01418-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20031960"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2008.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/605846"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004101"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1128\/iai.05273-11","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,17]],"date-time":"2011-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1305590400000}}],"container-title":["Infection and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.00075-11","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.00075-11","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T13:41:21Z","timestamp":1646487681000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/IAI.00075-11"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"A.","family":"Camilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/IAI.00075-11"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.00075-11","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-9567","1098-5522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-9567","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5522","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-01-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2011-02-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2011-04-19","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}