{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T08:59:01Z","timestamp":1792918741273,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]],"date-time":"2008-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214870400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>is an important cause of urinary tract infection (UTI), but little is known about its pathogenesis in vivo. The pathogenesis of the<jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>cystitis isolate TOP52 was compared to that of the uropathogenic<jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>(UPEC) isolate UTI89 in a murine cystitis model. Bladder and kidney titers of TOP52 were lower than those of UTI89 at early time points but similar at later time points. TOP52, like UTI89, formed biofilm-like intracellular bacterial communities (IBCs) within the murine bladder, albeit at significantly lower levels than UTI89. Additionally, filamentation of TOP52 was observed, a process critical for UTI89 evasion of neutrophil phagocytosis and persistence in the bladder. Thus, the IBC pathway is not specific to UPEC alone. We investigated if differences in type 1 pilus expression may explain TOP52's early defect in vivo. The type 1 pilus operon is controlled by recombinase-mediated (<jats:italic>fimE<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>fimB<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic>fimX<\/jats:italic>) phase variation of an invertible promoter element. We found that<jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>carries an extra gene of unknown function at the 3\u2032 end of its type 1 operon,<jats:italic>fimK<\/jats:italic>, and the genome lacks the recombinase<jats:italic>fimX<\/jats:italic>. A deletion mutant of<jats:italic>fimK<\/jats:italic>was constructed, and TOP52 \u0394<jats:italic>fimK<\/jats:italic>had higher titers and formed more IBCs in the murine cystitis model than wild type. The loss of<jats:italic>fimK<\/jats:italic>or expression of<jats:italic>E. coli fimX<\/jats:italic>from a plasmid in TOP52 resulted in a larger phase-ON population and higher expression levels of type 1 pili and gave TOP52 the ability to form type 1-dependent biofilms. Complementation with p<jats:italic>fimK<\/jats:italic>decreased type 1 pilus expression and biofilm formation of TOP52 \u0394<jats:italic>fimK<\/jats:italic>and decreased UTI89 biofilm formation. Thus,<jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>appears programmed for minimal expression of type 1 pili, which may explain, in part, why<jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>is a less prevalent etiologic agent of UTI than UPEC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00090-08","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,15]],"date-time":"2008-04-15T00:45:10Z","timestamp":1208220310000},"page":"3337-3345","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":153,"title":["Utilization of an Intracellular Bacterial Community Pathway in<i>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/i>Urinary Tract Infection and the Effects of FimK on Type 1 Pilus Expression"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"David A.","family":"Rosen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerome S.","family":"Pinkner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer N.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Clegg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott J.","family":"Hultgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1084550"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.72.5.713-717.1956"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197203232861203"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.74.2.1072-1083.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.162.2.799-803.1985"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197802092980607"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/12.4.672"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M504429200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.120163297"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-2-4-535"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030100"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.25.2.729-737.1979"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.30.2.554-561.1980"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)81109-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.56.11.3011-3013.1988"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(02)01054-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/172.6.1536"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04269.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01123-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.57.3.764-770.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.57.1.219-224.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.171.3.1262-1270.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","first-page":"587","year":"2007","unstructured":"Griebling, T. 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