{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T08:49:32Z","timestamp":1770972572687,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,1]],"date-time":"2008-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1225497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Our knowledge of pathogenesis has benefited from a better understanding of the roles of specific virulence factors in disease. To determine the role of the virulence factor ZapA, a 54-kDa metalloproteinase of\n            <jats:italic>Proteus mirabilis<\/jats:italic>\n            , in prostatitis, rats were infected with either wild-type (WT)\n            <jats:italic>P. mirabilis<\/jats:italic>\n            or its isogenic ZapA\n            <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            mutant KW360. The WT produced both acute and chronic prostatitis showing the typical histological progressions that are the hallmarks of these diseases. Infection with the ZapA\n            <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            mutant, however, resulted in reduced levels of acute prostatitis, as determined from lower levels of tissue damage, bacterial colonization, and inflammation. Further, the ZapA\n            <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            mutant failed to establish a chronic infection, in that bacteria were cleared from the prostate, inflammation was resolved, and tissue was seen to be healing. Clearance from the prostate was not the result of a reduced capacity of the ZapA\n            <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            mutant to form biofilms in vitro. These finding clearly define ZapA as an important virulence factor in both acute and chronic bacterial prostatitis.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00122-08","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,26]],"date-time":"2008-08-26T00:45:03Z","timestamp":1219711503000},"page":"4859-4864","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["ZapA, a Virulence Factor in a Rat Model of\n            <i>Proteus mirabilis<\/i>\n            -Induced Acute and Chronic Prostatitis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Van","family":"Phan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Biofilm Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Belas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Marine Biotechnology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brendan F.","family":"Gilmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Howard","family":"Ceri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Biofilm Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1992.tb00883.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-002-3796-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.9.5159-5167.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.187.19.6789-6803.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"109","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ceri, H., M. 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