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The pathogen is a global health challenge since no protective immunity results from infection, and far fewer treatment options are available with increasing antimicrobial resistance. With no efficacious vaccines, researchers are exploring new targets for vaccine development and innovative therapeutics. The outer membrane TonB-dependent transporters (TdTs) produced by\n              <jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n              are considered promising vaccine antigens as they are highly conserved and play crucial roles in overcoming nutritional immunity. One of these TdTs is part of the hemoglobin transport system comprised of HpuA and HpuB. This system allows\n              <jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n              to acquire iron from hemoglobin (hHb). In the current study, mutations in the\n              <jats:italic>hpuB<\/jats:italic>\n              gene were generated to better understand the structure\u2013function relationships in HpuB. This study is one of the first to demonstrate that\n              <jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n              can bind to and utilize hemoglobin produced by animals other than humans. This study also determined that when HpuA is absent, mutations targeting extracellular loop 7 of HpuB led to defective hHb binding and utilization. However, when the lipoprotein HpuA is present, these loop 7 mutants recovered their ability to bind hHb, although the growth phenotype remained significantly impaired. Interestingly, loop 7 contains putative heme-binding motifs and a hypothetical \u03b1-helical region, both of which may be important for the use of hHb. Taken together, these results highlight the importance of loop 7 in the functionality of HpuB in binding hHb and extracting and internalizing iron.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00211-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T13:00:29Z","timestamp":1718197229000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Investigating the importance of selected surface-exposed loops in HpuB for hemoglobin binding and utilization by\n            <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Olivia A.","family":"Awate","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dixon","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie L.","family":"Stoudenmire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9883-6145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trevor F.","family":"Moraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6294-6588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cynthia N.","family":"Cornelissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","unstructured":"WHO. 2021. 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