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Transmission of the spirochete from the tick vector to a vertebrate host requires global changes in gene expression that are controlled, in part, by the Rrp2\/RpoN\/RpoS alternative sigma factor cascade. Transcriptional studies defining the\n              <jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n              RpoS regulon have suggested that RpoS activates the transcription of paralogous family 52 (PFam52) genes. In strain B31, PFam52 genes (\n              <jats:italic>bbi42<\/jats:italic>\n              ,\n              <jats:italic>bbk53<\/jats:italic>\n              , and\n              <jats:italic>bbq03<\/jats:italic>\n              ) encode a set of conserved hypothetical proteins with &gt;89% amino acid identity that are predicted to be surface-localized. Extensive homology among members of paralogous families complicates studies of protein contributions to pathogenicity as the potential for functional redundancy will obfuscate findings. Using a sequential mutagenesis approach, we generated clones expressing a single PFam52 paralog, as well as a strain deficient in all three. The single paralog expressing strains were used to confirm BBI42, BBK53, and BBQ03 surface localization and RpoS regulation. Surprisingly, the PFam52-deficient strain was able to infect mice and complete the enzootic cycle similar to the wild-type parental strain. Indeed, the presence of numerous pseudogenes that contain frameshifts or internal stop codons among the PFam52 genes suggests that they may be subjected to gene loss in\n              <jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n              \u2019s reduced genome. Alternatively, the lack of phenotype might reflect the limitations of the experimental mouse infection model.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00214-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T13:00:35Z","timestamp":1723208435000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The plasmid-encoded members of paralogous gene family 52 are dispensable to the enzootic cycle of\n            <i>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Ashley M.","family":"Groshong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA"},{"name":"Laboratory of Bacteriology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Division of Intramural 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