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In immunocompetent rats,<jats:italic>Cryptosporidium parvum<\/jats:italic>infection induced digestive hypersensitivity, a key pathophysiological factor in functional digestive disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). In such a rat model, we sought to document whether jejunal hypersensitivity depends on<jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>isolate and is associated with a mast cell accumulation. Five-day-old rats were orally administered 10<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>oocysts of either Nouzilly (NoI) or Iowa (IoI)<jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>isolate. NoI-infected rats exhibited the lowest food intake on days 7 and 14 postinfection (p.i.). On day 7 p.i., small intestine villus atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, and inflammatory cell infiltration were prominent in NoI-infected rats, with higher numbers of<jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>forms than in IoI-infected rats. Compared to uninfected control rats, jejunal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) were increased only in NoI-infected rats on day 14 p.i. On day 50 p.i., jejunal hypersensitivity to distension was found only in NoI-infected rats; this hypersensitivity is associated with activated mast cell accumulation. The number of mast cells in the jejunal lamina propria was increased from day 36 p.i. in NoI-infected rats and only at day 120 p.i. in IoI-infected rats. Our data suggest that both the severity of infection (weight loss, reduced food intake, villus atrophy, and IEL accumulation) and the onset of a jejunal hypersensitivity after infection in association with an activated mast cell accumulation are isolate dependent and related to NoI infection. This cryptosporidiosis rat model is a relevant model for the study of underlying mechanisms of postinfectious IBS-like symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00220-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,18]],"date-time":"2009-08-18T01:48:50Z","timestamp":1250560130000},"page":"5163-5169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["<i>Cryptosporidium parvum<\/i>Isolate-Dependent Postinfectious Jejunal Hypersensitivity and Mast Cell Accumulation in an Immunocompetent Rat Model"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Samira","family":"Khaldi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Laboratory, Rouen University Hospital, and ADEN EA 4311-IFRMP 23, Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Rouen, Rouen, France"},{"name":"M2C UMR CNRS 6143, University of Rouen, Rouen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Gargala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Laboratory, Rouen University Hospital, and ADEN EA 4311-IFRMP 23, Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Rouen, Rouen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laetitia","family":"Le Goff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Laboratory, Rouen University Hospital, and ADEN EA 4311-IFRMP 23, Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Rouen, Rouen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Parey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Histopathology Laboratory, Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen, Rouen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Francois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Histopathology Laboratory, Rouen University Hospital and University of Rouen, Rouen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Fioramonti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurogastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, INRA, Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Jacques","family":"Ballet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Caen University Hospital, and UPRES EA2128, University of Caen, Caen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Paul","family":"Dupont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M2C UMR CNRS 6143, University of Rouen, Rouen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Ducrotte\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Rouen University Hospital, and ADEN EA 4311-IFRMP 23, Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Rouen, Rouen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loi\u0308c","family":"Favennec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Laboratory, Rouen University Hospital, and ADEN EA 4311-IFRMP 23, Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Rouen, Rouen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"G673","volume":"263","year":"1992","unstructured":"Accarino, A. 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