{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T03:54:28Z","timestamp":1761710068208,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]],"date-time":"2024-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/ASMCopyrightv2"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]],"date-time":"2024-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012659","name":"Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81671985"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81671985"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control of China","award":["2022SKLID209 2019SKLID403"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022SKLID209 2019SKLID403"]}]},{"name":"Public Health Service Capability Improvement Project of the National Health Commission of the People&apos;s Republic of China","award":["2100409034 0104205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2100409034 0104205"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Legionella<\/jats:italic>\n            is a common intracellular parasitic bacterium that infects humans via the respiratory tract, causing Legionnaires\u2019 disease, with fever and pneumonia as the main symptoms. The emergence of highly virulent and azithromycin-resistant\n            <jats:italic>Legionella pneumophila<\/jats:italic>\n            is a major challenge in clinical anti-infective therapy. The CRISPR-Cas acquired immune system provides immune defense against foreign nucleic acids and regulates strain biological functions. However, the distribution of the CRISPR-Cas system in\n            <jats:italic>Legionella<\/jats:italic>\n            and how it regulates gene expression in\n            <jats:italic>L. pneumophila<\/jats:italic>\n            remain unclear. Herein, we assessed 915\n            <jats:italic>Legionella<\/jats:italic>\n            whole-genome sequences to determine the distribution characteristics of the CRISPR-Cas system and constructed gene deletion mutants to explore the regulation of the system based on growth ability\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            , antibiotic sensitivity, and intracellular proliferation of\n            <jats:italic>L. pneumophila<\/jats:italic>\n            . The CRISPR-Cas system in\n            <jats:italic>Legionella<\/jats:italic>\n            was predominantly Type II-B and was mainly concentrated in the genome of\n            <jats:italic>L. pneumophila<\/jats:italic>\n            ST1 strains. The Type II-B CRISPR-Cas system showed no effect on the strain\u2019s growth ability\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            but significantly reduced resistance to azithromycin and decreased proliferation ability due to regulation of the\n            <jats:italic>lpeAB<\/jats:italic>\n            efflux pump and the Dot\/Icm type IV secretion system. Thus, the Type II-B CRISPR-Cas system plays a crucial role in regulating the virulence of\n            <jats:italic>L. pneumophila<\/jats:italic>\n            . This expands our understanding of drug resistance and pathogenicity in\n            <jats:italic>Legionella<\/jats:italic>\n            , provides a scientific basis for the prevention of Legionnaires\u2019 disease outbreaks and the rational use of clinical drugs, and facilitates effective treatment of Legionnaires\u2019 disease.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00229-23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T14:00:15Z","timestamp":1702648815000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Distribution characteristics of the\n            <i>Legionella<\/i>\n            CRISPR-Cas system and its regulatory mechanism underpinning phenotypic function"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5372-7098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pei-Xing","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong-Yu","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Jing","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 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