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To facilitate investigation of genetic factors important for its morphogenesis and pathogenicity, congenic<jats:bold>a<\/jats:bold>and \u03b1 strains for a filamentous form were constructed. XL280 (\u03b1) was selected as the background strain because of its robust ability to undergo the morphological transition from yeast to the filamentous form. The<jats:italic>MAT<\/jats:italic><jats:bold><jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic><\/jats:bold>allele from a sequenced strain JEC20 was introgressed into the XL280 background to generate the congenic<jats:bold>a<\/jats:bold>and \u03b1 pair strains. The resulting congenic strains were then used to test the impact of mating type on virulence. In both the inhalation and the intravenous infection models of murine cryptococcosis, the congenic<jats:bold>a<\/jats:bold>and \u03b1 strains displayed comparable levels of high virulence. The<jats:bold>a<\/jats:bold>-\u03b1 coinfections displayed equivalent virulence to the individual<jats:bold>a<\/jats:bold>or \u03b1 infections in both animal models. Further analyses of the mating type distribution in<jats:bold>a<\/jats:bold>-\u03b1 coinfected mice suggested no influence of<jats:bold>a<\/jats:bold>-\u03b1 interactions on cryptococcal neurotropism, irrespective of the route of inoculation. Furthermore, deletion or overexpression of a known transcription factor, Znf2, in XL280 abolished or enhanced filamentation and biofilm formation, consistent with its established role. Overexpression of Znf2 in XL280 led to attenuation of virulence and a reduced abundance in the brain but not in other organs, suggesting that Znf2 might interfere with cryptococcal neurotropism upon extrapulmonary dissemination. In summary, the congenic strains provide a new resource for the exploration of the relationship in<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Cryptococcus<\/jats:named-content>between cellular morphology and pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00259-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,14]],"date-time":"2013-05-14T01:13:29Z","timestamp":1368494009000},"page":"2626-2637","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Congenic Strains of the Filamentous Form of Cryptococcus neoformans for Studies of Fungal Morphogenesis and Virulence"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Bing","family":"Zhai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pinkuan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri\u2014Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA"},{"name":"School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dylan","family":"Foyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Srijana","family":"Upadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Idnurm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri\u2014Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaorong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555818241"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e328322ffac"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1567-1364.2006.00088.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.60.080805.142102"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-008-9169-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/55.1.30"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00362177185190041"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","first-page":"169","volume-title":"Recent advances in medical and veterinary mycology","author":"Staib F","year":"1977","unstructured":"StaibFMishraSKGrosseG. 1977. 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