{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T23:08:49Z","timestamp":1792710529490,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            is an invasive spirochete that can cause acute and chronic infections in the skin, heart, joints, and central nervous system of infected mammalian hosts. Little is understood about where the bacteria encounter the strongest barriers to infection and how different components of the host immune system influence the population as the infection progresses. To identify population bottlenecks in a murine host, we utilized Tn-seq to monitor the composition of mixed populations of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            during infection. Both wild-type mice and mice lacking the Toll-like receptor adapter molecule MyD88 were infected with a pool of infectious\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            transposon mutants with insertions in the same gene. At multiple time points postinfection, bacteria were isolated from the mice and the compositions of the\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            populations at the injection site and in distal tissues determined. We identified a population bottleneck at the site of infection that significantly altered the composition of the population. The magnitude of this bottleneck was reduced in MyD88\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            mice, indicating a role for innate immunity in limiting early establishment of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            infection. There is not a significant bottleneck during the colonization of distal tissues, suggesting that founder effects are limited and there is not a strict limitation on the number of organisms able to initiate populations at distal sites. These findings further our understanding of the interactions between\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n            and its murine host in the establishment of infection and dissemination of the organism.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00266-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,23]],"date-time":"2013-04-23T05:35:58Z","timestamp":1366695358000},"page":"2347-2357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Understanding Barriers to Borrelia burgdorferi Dissemination during Infection Using Massively Parallel Sequencing"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Erin B.","family":"Troy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas, Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihui","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas, Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Lazinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Camilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven J.","family":"Norris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas, Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas, Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linden T.","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.7.3382-3388.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.6.1958-1963.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"263","article-title":"Kinetics of Borrelia burgdorferi dissemination and evolution of disease after intradermal inoculation of mice","volume":"139","author":"Barthold SW","year":"1991","unstructured":"BartholdSWPersingDHArmstrongALPeeplesRA. 1991. 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