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We previously showed that hemolysin genes are critical for virulence of this organism in mice and fish. In the present study, we characterized the\n                    <jats:italic>hlyA<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene product, a putative small \u03b2-pore-forming toxin, and termed it phobalysin P (PhlyP), for \u201cphotobacterial lysin encoded on a plasmid.\u201d PhlyP formed stable oligomers and small membrane pores, causing efflux of K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    , with no significant leakage of lactate dehydrogenase but entry of vital dyes. The latter feature distinguished PhlyP from the related\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n                    cytolysin. Attack by PhlyP provoked a loss of cellular ATP, attenuated translation, and caused profound morphological changes in epithelial cells. In coculture experiments with epithelial cells,\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Photobacterium damselae<\/jats:named-content>\n                    subsp.\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">damselae<\/jats:named-content>\n                    led to rapid hemolysin-dependent membrane permeabilization. Unexpectedly, hemolysins also promoted the association of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. damselae<\/jats:named-content>\n                    subsp.\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">damselae<\/jats:named-content>\n                    with epithelial cells. The collective observations of this study suggest that membrane-damaging toxins commonly enhance bacterial adherence.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00277-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,24]],"date-time":"2015-08-24T21:30:24Z","timestamp":1440451824000},"page":"4335-4348","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Phobalysin, a Small \u03b2-Pore-Forming Toxin of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Amable J.","family":"Rivas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universit\u00e4t, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gisela","family":"von Hoven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Mikrobiologie und 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