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Pharmacological inhibition of this enzyme blocked<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>-induced PMN transepithelial migration<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. Genetic ablation of the cPLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>isoform cPLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u03b1 dramatically reduced lung inflammation in mice upon high-dose pulmonary challenge with<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>. The cPLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u03b1-deficient mice also suffered no bacteremia and survived a pulmonary challenge that was lethal to wild-type mice. Our data suggest that cPLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u03b1 plays a crucial role in eliciting pulmonary inflammation during pneumococcal infection and is required for lethal systemic infection following<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>lung challenge.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00280-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,15]],"date-time":"2017-08-15T00:50:19Z","timestamp":1502758219000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Cytosolic Phospholipase A<sub>2<\/sub>\u03b1 Promotes Pulmonary Inflammation and Systemic Disease during Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Rudra","family":"Bhowmick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacie","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Molecular Microbiology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph V.","family":"Bonventre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Leong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beth A.","family":"McCormick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-49-12-1057"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/McCullers"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"217","article-title":"Streptococcus pneumoniae: epidemiology and risk factors, evolution of antimicrobial resistance, and impact of vaccines","volume":"16","author":"Lynch JP","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lynch JP III Zhanel GG . 2010. 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