{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T23:43:43Z","timestamp":1793317423258,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]],"date-time":"2006-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1154390400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            is a leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia and gram-positive sepsis. While multiple virulence determinants have been identified, the combination of features that determines the propensity of an isolate to cause invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) remains unknown. In this study, we determined the genetic composition of 42 invasive and 30 noninvasive clinical isolates of serotypes 6A, 6B, and 14 by comparative genomic hybridization. Comparison of the present\/absent gene matrix (i.e., comparative genomic analysis [CGA]) identified a candidate core genome consisting of 1,553 genes (73% of the TIGR4 genome), 154 genes whose presence correlated with the ability to cause IPD, and 176 genes whose presence correlated with the noninvasive phenotype. Genes identified by CGA were cross-referenced with the published signature-tagged mutagenesis studies, which served to identify core and IPD-correlated genes required for in vivo passage. Among these, two pathogenicity islands, region of diversity 8a (RD8a), which encodes a neuraminidase and V-type sodium synthase, and RD10, which encodes PsrP, a protein homologous to the platelet adhesin GspB in\n            <jats:italic>Streptococcus gordonii<\/jats:italic>\n            , were identified. Mice infected with a PsrP mutant were delayed in the development of bacteremia and demonstrated reduced mortality versus wild-type-infected controls. Finally, the presence of seven RDs was determined to correlate with the noninvasive phenotype, a finding that suggests some RDs may contribute to asymptomatic colonization. In conclusion, RDs are unequally distributed between invasive and noninvasive isolates, RD8a and RD10 are correlated with the propensity of an isolate to cause IPD, and PsrP is required for full virulence in mice.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00316-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,22]],"date-time":"2006-07-22T00:24:50Z","timestamp":1153527890000},"page":"4766-4777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":152,"title":["Identification of a Candidate\n            <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/i>\n            Core Genome and Regions of Diversity Correlated with Invasive Pneumococcal Disease"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Caroline","family":"Obert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 North Lauderdale, Memphis, Tennessee 38105"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Sublett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 North Lauderdale, Memphis, Tennessee 38105"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak","family":"Kaushal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hartwell Center for Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 North Lauderdale, Memphis, Tennessee 38105"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ernesto","family":"Hinojosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, Texas 78229"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresa","family":"Barton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine I.","family":"Tuomanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 North Lauderdale, Memphis, Tennessee 38105"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos J.","family":"Orihuela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 North Lauderdale, Memphis, Tennessee 38105"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.12.7894-7905.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"1","volume":"49","year":"2000","unstructured":"Anonymous. 2000. Preventing pneumococcal disease among infants and young children. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. Recomm. Rep.49:1-35.","journal-title":"Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. Recomm. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"177","volume":"74","year":"1999","unstructured":"Anonymous. 1999. Pneumococcal vaccines. WHO position paper. Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec.74:177-183.","journal-title":"Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"35","volume":"18","year":"1986","unstructured":"Austrian, R. 1986. Some aspects of the pneumococcal carrier state. J. Antimicrob. Chemother.18(Suppl. A):35-45.","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/319750"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.3.638-645.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.11.6528-6537.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2002.02949.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.04919.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"194","volume":"9","year":"2004","unstructured":"Berger, J. A., S. Hautaniemi, A. K. Jarvinen, H. Edgren, S. K. Mitra, and J. Astola. 2004. Optimized LOWESS normalizatin parameter selection for DNA microarray data. BMC Bioinformatics9:194.","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13460.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.60.1.111-116.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/171.4.885"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.28417-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(88)90489-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1106469"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","first-page":"136","year":"2004","unstructured":"Crook, D. W., A. D. Brueggemann, K. L. Sleeman, and T. E. Peto. 2004. Pneumococcal carriage, p. 136-147. In E. I. Tuomanen, T. J. Mitchell, D. A. Morrison, and B. G. Spratt (ed.), The pneumococcus. ASM Press, Washington, D.C.","journal-title":"The pneumococcus"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/170.2.368"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.12.7471-7480.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","first-page":"109","year":"2006","unstructured":"Day, W. A., and A. T. Maurelli. 2006. Black holes and antivirulence genes: selection for gene loss as part of the evolution of bacterial pathogens, p. 109-122. In H. S. Seifert and V. J. DiRita (ed.), The evolution of bacterial pathogens. ASM Press, Washington, D.C.","journal-title":"The evolution of bacterial pathogens"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/10766290152044995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.10.5690-5695.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.4.2477-2486.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","first-page":"1389","volume":"45","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hava, D. L., and A. Camilli. 2002. Large-scale identification of serotype 4 Streptococcus pneumoniae virulence factors. Mol. Microbiol.45:1389-1406.","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.185.2.413-421.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.33.10.2759-2762.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.19.5709-5717.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","first-page":"7.9.1","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kaushal, D., and C. Naeve. 2004. Analyzing and visualizing expression data with Spotfire, p. 7.9.1-7.9.43. In A. D. Baxevanis, D. B. Davison, R. D. M. Page, G. A. Petsko, L. D. Stein, and S. G.D. (ed.), Current protocols in bioinformatics. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y.","journal-title":"Current protocols in bioinformatics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.5.1813-1819.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04252.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3002(60)90205-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2001.02335.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.188.2.669-676.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.7.3943"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsle.2004.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","unstructured":"Obert R. 2005. Fischer exact Excel addin. [Online.] http:\/\/www.obertfamily.com\/software\/fisherexact.html\n."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/424596"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.10.5582-5596.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.12.5620-5629.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/381547"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/432513"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/381686"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.74.1.321-330.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","unstructured":"Swofford D. 1997. PAUP*: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (* and other methods) 4.0 ed. Sinauer Associates Sunderland Mass."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","first-page":"15","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tettelin, H., and S. K. Hollingshead. 2004. Comparative genomics of Streptococcus pneumoniae: intrastrain diversity and genome plasticity, p. 15-29. In E. I. Tuomanen, T. Mitchell, D. A. Morrison, and B. G. Spratt (ed.), The pneumococcus. ASM Press, Washington, D.C.","journal-title":"The pneumococcus"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506758102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1061217"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.2.921-924.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mpat.2001.0473"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0637469100"}],"container-title":["Infection and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.00316-06","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.00316-06","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T06:47:56Z","timestamp":1646462876000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/IAI.00316-06"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/IAI.00316-06"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.00316-06","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-9567","1098-5522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-9567","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5522","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-02-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2006-05-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2006-08-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}