{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T09:33:26Z","timestamp":1789810406108,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]],"date-time":"2008-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1222819200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Campylobacter jejuni<\/jats:italic>\n            is a frequent cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Lipooligosaccharide (LOS) has been identified as an important virulence factor that may play a role in microbial adhesion and invasion. Here we specifically address the question of whether LOS sialylation affects the interaction of\n            <jats:italic>C. jejuni<\/jats:italic>\n            with human epithelial cells. For this purpose, 14 strains associated with Guillain-Barre\u0301 syndrome (GBS), 34 enteritis-associated strains, the 81-176 reference strain, and 6 Penner serotype strains were tested for invasion of two epithelial cell lines.\n            <jats:italic>C. jejuni<\/jats:italic>\n            strains expressing sialylated LOS (classes A, B, and C) invaded cells significantly more frequently than strains expressing nonsialylated LOS (classes D and E) (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt; 0.0001). To further explore this observation, we inactivated the LOS sialyltransferase (Cst-II) via knockout mutagenesis in three GBS-associated\n            <jats:italic>C. jejuni<\/jats:italic>\n            strains expressing sialylated LOS (GB2, GB11, and GB19). All knockout strains displayed significantly lower levels of invasion than the respective wild types. Complementation of a \u0394\n            <jats:italic>cst-II<\/jats:italic>\n            mutant strain restored LOS sialylation and reset the invasiveness to wild-type levels. Finally, formalin-fixed wild-type strains GB2, GB11 and GB19, but not the isogenic \u0394\n            <jats:italic>cst-II<\/jats:italic>\n            mutants that lack sialic acid, were able to inhibit epithelial invasion by viable GB2, GB11, and GB19 strains. We conclude that sialylation of the LOS outer core contributes significantly to epithelial invasion by\n            <jats:italic>C. jejuni<\/jats:italic>\n            and may thus play a role in subsequent postinfectious pathologies.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00321-08","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,22]],"date-time":"2008-07-22T00:45:10Z","timestamp":1216687510000},"page":"4431-4438","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["The Sialylated Lipooligosaccharide Outer Core in\n            <i>Campylobacter jejuni<\/i>\n            Is an Important Determinant for Epithelial Cell Invasion"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Rogier","family":"Louwen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Astrid","family":"Heikema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"van Belkum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alewijn","family":"Ott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wim","family":"Ang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hubert P.","family":"Endtz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathijs P.","family":"Bergman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward E.","family":"Nieuwenhuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.3.1202-1208.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1995.tb20734.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00167a033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1993.tb17850.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1993.tb17849.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2006\/000711-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb720"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.58.6.1749-1756.1990"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.6.3896"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.2.1162-1165.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M108452200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200415707"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00872-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.12.6656-6662.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.2.787-793.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2004.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.4.2452-2455.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.26721-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-143-1-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1997.4031771.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.02514"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05168.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200500145"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","first-page":"1973","volume":"131","year":"1985","unstructured":"Morooka, T., A. 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