{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T22:15:01Z","timestamp":1776032101820,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741651200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01AI127863, R21AI164733"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI127863, R21AI164733"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>\n              Over the last decade, a\n              <jats:italic>Neisseria meningitidis<\/jats:italic>\n              (\n              <jats:italic>Nm<\/jats:italic>\n              ) urethritis-causing clade (\n              <jats:italic>Nm<\/jats:italic>\n              UC) has emerged to cause clusters of meningococcal urethritis in the United States and globally. One genomic signature of\n              <jats:italic>Nm<\/jats:italic>\n              UC is the integration of\n              <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n              (\n              <jats:italic>Ng<\/jats:italic>\n              ) DNA in an operon,\n              <jats:italic>NEIS1446-NEIS1438<\/jats:italic>\n              , which partially replaced the\n              <jats:italic>Nm ispD<\/jats:italic>\n              gene. IspD is the 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase of the terpenoid precursor synthesis pathway, required for the production of ubiquinones of the electron transfer chain. IspD is essential in several gram-negative bacteria. The biological importance of the\n              <jats:italic>NEIS1446-ispD<\/jats:italic>\n              gene conversion event for\n              <jats:italic>Nm<\/jats:italic>\n              UC was investigated. The\n              <jats:italic>ispD<\/jats:italic>\n              gene was found to be essential in\n              <jats:italic>Nm<\/jats:italic>\n              UC (CNM3) and non-clade\n              <jats:italic>Nm<\/jats:italic>\n              (MC58), and a mutation at the native locus can only be made with the insertion of a second\n              <jats:italic>ispD<\/jats:italic>\n              copy in the genome. The IspD\n              <jats:sub>MC58<\/jats:sub>\n              variant was more efficient at promoting aerobic growth at a low level than IspD\n              <jats:sub>CNM3<\/jats:sub>\n              ; the two proteins differ by 15 residues. Maximal aerobic growth densities of strains with an\n              <jats:italic>Nm<\/jats:italic>\n              UC background resembled\n              <jats:italic>Ng<\/jats:italic>\n              (FA19), and both were significantly lower than\n              <jats:italic>Nm<\/jats:italic>\n              . In contrast to non-clade\n              <jats:italic>Nm<\/jats:italic>\n              , all\n              <jats:italic>Nm<\/jats:italic>\n              UC strains survived well anaerobically. Increasing\n              <jats:italic>ispD<\/jats:italic>\n              expression by titrating IPTG in non-clade\n              <jats:italic>Nm<\/jats:italic>\n              enhanced anaerobic survival. Translational reporters of the\n              <jats:italic>Nm<\/jats:italic>\n              UC and\n              <jats:italic>Ng<\/jats:italic>\n              promoters demonstrated similar expression levels, and both were significantly higher than non-clade\n              <jats:italic>Nm<\/jats:italic>\n              , under aerobic and microaerobic conditions. Our findings suggest that the integration of gonococcal DNA into the\n              <jats:italic>NEIS1446-NEIS1438<\/jats:italic>\n              operon of\n              <jats:italic>Nm<\/jats:italic>\n              UC has increased\n              <jats:italic>ispD<\/jats:italic>\n              expression\n              <jats:italic>,<\/jats:italic>\n              contributing to\n              <jats:italic>Nm<\/jats:italic>\n              UC\u2019s adaptation to the oxygen-limited environment of the human urogenital tract.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00350-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T14:04:44Z","timestamp":1738677884000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Contribution of the gonococcal\n            <i>NEIS1446-ispD<\/i>\n            gene conversion to the pathobiology of the\n            <i>Neisseria meningitidis<\/i>\n            urethritis clade,\n            <i>Nm<\/i>\n            UC"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"93","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2633-6090","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Emilio I.","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine","place":["Atlanta, USA"]},{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University Laney Graduate School","place":["Atlanta, USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7950-8197","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yih-Ling","family":"Tzeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine","place":["Atlanta, USA"]},{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University Laney Graduate School","place":["Atlanta, USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soma","family":"Sannigrahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine","place":["Atlanta, USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8174-660X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David S.","family":"Stephens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine","place":["Atlanta, USA"]},{"name":"Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University Laney Graduate School","place":["Atlanta, USA"]},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine","place":["Atlanta, USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention and control of meningococcal disease: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices (ACIP)","volume":"62","author":"Cohn AC","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cohn AC, MacNeil JR, Clark TA, Ortega-Sanchez IR, Briere EZ, Meissner HC, Baker CJ, Messonnier NE, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2013. 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