{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T20:18:39Z","timestamp":1760645919031},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]],"date-time":"2012-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent studies have linked accumulation of the Gr-1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD11b<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cell phenotype with functional immunosuppression in diverse pathological conditions, including bacterial and parasitic infections and cancer. Gr-1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD11b<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cells were the largest population of cells present in the spleens of mice infected with sublethal doses of the<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Francisella tularensis<\/jats:named-content>live vaccine strain (LVS). In contrast, the number of T cells present in the spleens of these mice did not increase during early infection. There was a significant delay in the kinetics of accumulation of Gr-1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD11b<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cells in the spleens of B-cell-deficient mice, indicating that B cells play a role in recruitment and maintenance of this population in the spleens of mice infected with<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">F. tularensis<\/jats:named-content>. The splenic Gr-1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD11b<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cells in tularemia were a heterogeneous population that could be further subdivided into monocytic (mononuclear) and granulocytic (polymorphonuclear) cells using the Ly6C and Ly6G markers and differentiated into antigen-presenting cells following<jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>culture. Monocytic, CD11b<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>Ly6C<jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>Ly6G<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>cells but not granulocytic, CD11b<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>Ly6C<jats:sup>int<\/jats:sup>Ly6G<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cells purified from the spleens of mice infected with<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">F. tularensis<\/jats:named-content>suppressed polyclonal T-cell proliferation via a nitric oxide-dependent pathway. Although the monocytic, CD11b<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>Ly6C<jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>Ly6G<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>cells were able to suppress the proliferation of T cells, the large presence of Gr-1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD11b<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cells in mice that survived<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">F. tularensis<\/jats:named-content>infection also suggests a potential role for these cells in the protective host response to tularemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00365-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,24]],"date-time":"2012-04-24T04:49:54Z","timestamp":1335242994000},"page":"2371-2381","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Phenotypic, Morphological, and Functional Heterogeneity of Splenic Immature Myeloid Cells in the Host Response to Tularemia"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"John W.","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason W.","family":"Tam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nihal A.","family":"Okan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricio","family":"Mena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martha B.","family":"Furie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David G.","family":"Thanassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge L.","family":"Benach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrianus W. M.","family":"van der Velden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.1.317"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.1.678"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2737","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.146.8.2737","article-title":"Immunosuppression induced by attenuated Salmonella: evidence for mediation by macrophage precursors","volume":"146","author":"al-Ramadi BK","year":"1991","unstructured":"al-RamadiBKBrodkinMAMosserDMEisensteinTK. 1991. Immunosuppression induced by attenuated Salmonella: evidence for mediation by macrophage precursors. J. Immunol. 146:2737\u20132746.","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.59.9.3291-3296.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.148.6.1829","article-title":"Growth inhibition of Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain by IFN-gamma-activated macrophages is mediated by reactive nitrogen intermediates derived from l-arginine metabolism","volume":"148","author":"Anthony LS","year":"1992","unstructured":"AnthonyLSMorrisseyPJNanoFE. 1992. Growth inhibition of Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain by IFN-gamma-activated macrophages is mediated by reactive nitrogen intermediates derived from l-arginine metabolism. J. Immunol. 148:1829\u20131834.","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00745-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1104637"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V96.12.3838"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002371-200111000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1668"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-2354"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(03)00386-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0882-4010(03)00046-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.60.12.5164-5171.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0882-4010(02)00194-8","article-title":"Mice intradermally-inoculated with the intact lipopolysaccharide, but not the lipid A or O-chain, from Francisella tularensis LVS rapidly acquire varying degrees of enhanced resistance against systemic or aerogenic challenge with virulent strains of the pathogen","volume":"34","author":"Conlan JW","year":"2003","unstructured":"ConlanJWVinogradovEMonteiroMAPerryMB. 2003. Mice intradermally-inoculated with the intact lipopolysaccharide, but not the lipid A or O-chain, from Francisella tularensis LVS rapidly acquire varying degrees of enhanced resistance against systemic or aerogenic challenge with virulent strains of the pathogen. Microb. Pathog. 34:39\u201345.","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.11.7709"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2119\/molmed.2010.00178"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0407247"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20062602"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1006640"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2008.05.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.11.6002-6007.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1409.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.61.3.823-829.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.7.4763"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2399","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.151.5.2399","article-title":"Selective expression of Ly-6G on myeloid lineage cells in mouse bone marrow. RB6-8C5 MAb to granulocyte-differentiation antigen (Gr-1) detects members of the Ly-6 family","volume":"151","author":"Fleming TJ","year":"1993","unstructured":"FlemingTJFlemingMLMalekTR. 1993. Selective expression of Ly-6G on myeloid lineage cells in mouse bone marrow. RB6-8C5 MAb to granulocyte-differentiation antigen (Gr-1) detects members of the Ly-6 family. J. Immunol. 151:2399\u20132408.","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","first-page":"349","article-title":"Life and death of an intracellular pathogen: Francisella tularensis and the macrophage","volume":"60","author":"Fortier AH","year":"1994","unstructured":"FortierAH. 1994. Life and death of an intracellular pathogen: Francisella tularensis and the macrophage. Immunol. Ser. 60:349\u2013361.","journal-title":"Immunol. Ser."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.4.1478-1483.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.60.3.817-825.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.59.9.2922-2928.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-3037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2008.19"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(03)00174-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxf076"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2009.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00561-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0900460"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1089926"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/350423a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0807541"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2011.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-002-0280-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0103010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.2.989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.2.779"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.7.4691-4694.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00257-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1759(00)00231-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-679X(01)63021-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.6.3180"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.4.2713"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200535537"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2008.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2010.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00868-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2005.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-003-0443-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803398"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0900612"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.26.021607.090326"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101721"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3070"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI31422"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-4174"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.7.4666"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.7.2779-2783.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.7.3681"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2006.05.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0504382102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01203-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.4.2065"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2008.00009.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.8.5791"}],"container-title":["Infection and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.00365-12","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.00365-12","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]],"date-time":"2023-06-22T06:50:21Z","timestamp":1687416621000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/IAI.00365-12"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"A. J.","family":"B\u00e4umler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/IAI.00365-12"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.00365-12","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-9567","1098-5522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-9567","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5522","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-04-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-04-12","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-06-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}