{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T01:41:10Z","timestamp":1789177270144,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5R35GM142748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5R35GM142748"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000897","name":"Cystic Fibrosis Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Chronic infections with\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      are a major contributor of lung decline in persons with cystic fibrosis (pwCF).\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      establishes life-long infections in the CF airway by utilizing various adaptation strategies to persist, including altering the expression of metabolic genes to acquire nutrients that are abundant in the CF airway. Glycerol, which is readily available in the airway, is imported and metabolized by genes in the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">glp<\/jats:italic>\n                      regulon, which is under the control of the GlpR repressor. Previously, it has been shown that the loss of GlpR results in increased biofilm development in a CF-adapted isolate of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      compared to a wound isolate. Based on the increased biofilm phenotype previously observed and because biofilms are associated with reduced antibiotic susceptibility, we questioned whether GlpR plays a role in mediating antibiotic susceptibility of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      . In this report, we show that loss of GlpR reduces tobramycin susceptibility of a CF-adapted isolate in synthetic sputum and in airway epithelial cell and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Drosophila melanogaster<\/jats:italic>\n                      colonization models. Furthermore, transcriptomics analysis revealed that CF-adapted mutants of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">glpR<\/jats:italic>\n                      overexpress genes involved in multidrug resistance and chronic infection phenotypes such as alginate. In summary, our study illustrates that the activation of the glycerol (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">glp<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) regulon may promote\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      persistence in the CF airway.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00410-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T12:00:54Z","timestamp":1758542454000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Activation of the\n                    <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/i>\n                    glycerol regulon reduces antibiotic susceptibility and modulates virulence phenotypes"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"93","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9576-4454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas","family":"Evans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/008s83205","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham","place":["Birmingham, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanaiyah","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0397tsa92","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Biology, Clark Atlanta University","place":["Atlanta, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3495-848X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jessica A.","family":"Scoffield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/008s83205","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham","place":["Birmingham, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2011.02483.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0091253"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.97199"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-08504-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.033993-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01807-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00519-24"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2023.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26261"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005846"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01138-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.187.15.5267-5277.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.081158-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103778"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.178.17.5215-5221.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/cjm-2016-0119"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001264"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2011.02657.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02696-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2009.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1187708"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01373-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02533-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01651-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00196-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01289"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky241"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"TurnerKH WesselAK PalmerGC Murray JL WhiteleyM. 2015. 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