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Phylogenetic analysis revealed significant sequence conservation among pathogenic\n              <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n              species (83%\u201398% identity) compared with intermediate and saprophytic species. Structural modeling indicated a composition of six \u03b2-strands and 10 \u03b1-helices arranged in two repeats, resembling bacterial outer membrane efflux proteins. Recombinant TolC (rTolC), expressed in a heterologous host and purified via Ni-NTA chromatography, maintained its secondary structural integrity, as verified by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Polyclonal antibodies against rTolC detected native TolC expression in pathogenic\n              <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n              but not in nonpathogenic ones. Immunoassays and detergent fractionation assays indicated surface localization of TolC. The rTolC\u2019s recognition by sera from leptospirosis-infected hosts across species suggests its utility as a diagnostic marker. 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