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However, a mutant\n            <jats:italic>C. muridarum<\/jats:italic>\n            that lacks the plasmid-encoded protein pGP3 due to an engineered premature stop codon (designated as CMpGP3S) failed to do so even following an intrajejunal inoculation. This was because a CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cell-dependent immunity prevented the spread of CMpGP3S from the small intestine to the large intestine. In the current study, we found that mice deficient in IL-22 (IL-22\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            ) allowed CMpGP3S to spread from the small intestine to the large intestine on day 3 after intrajejunal inoculation, indicating a critical role of IL-22 in regulating the chlamydial spread. The responsible IL-22 is produced by CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells since IL-22\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            mice were rescued to block the CMpGP3S spread by donor CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells from C57BL\/6J mice. Consistently, CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells lacking IL-22 failed to block the spread of CMpGP3S in Rag2\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            mice, while IL-22-competent CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells did block. Furthermore, mice deficient in cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP) permitted the CMpGP3S spread, but donor CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells from CRAMP\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            mice were still sufficient for preventing the CMpGP3S spread in Rag2\n            <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            mice, indicating a critical role of CRAMP in regulating chlamydial spreading, and the responsible CRAMP is not produced by CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells. Thus, the IL-22-producing CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cell-dependent regulation of chlamydial spreading correlated with CRAMP produced by non-CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells. These findings provide a platform for further characterizing the subset(s) of CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells responsible for regulating bacterial spreading in the intestine.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00421-23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]],"date-time":"2023-12-04T14:01:26Z","timestamp":1701698486000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Regulation of chlamydial spreading from the small intestine to the large intestine by IL-22-producing CD4\n            <sup>+<\/sup>\n            T cells"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yihui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halah","family":"Winner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huijie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongze","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7053-5009","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guangming","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2014.05.037"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2008.09.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00673-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-015-0939-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000175"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu831"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462415586317"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000176"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2015.74"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","first-page":"980","article-title":"Vaccines for Chlamydia trachomatis infections","volume":"3","author":"de la Maza LM","year":"2002","unstructured":"de la Maza LM, Peterson EM. 2002. 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