{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T15:13:14Z","timestamp":1768921994405,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]],"date-time":"2013-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377993600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Cryptosporidium<\/jats:named-content>\n            species are waterborne apicomplexan parasites that cause diarrheal disease worldwide. Although the mechanisms underlying\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Cryptosporidium<\/jats:named-content>\n            -host cell interactions are not well understood, mucin-like glycoproteins of the parasite are known to mediate attachment and invasion\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            . We identified\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">C. parvum<\/jats:named-content>\n            Clec (\n            <jats:italic>Cp<\/jats:italic>\n            Clec), a novel mucin-like glycoprotein that contains a C-type lectin domain (CTLD) and has orthologs in\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">C. hominis<\/jats:named-content>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">C. muris<\/jats:named-content>\n            . CTLD-containing proteins are ligand-binding proteins that function in adhesion and signaling and are present in a wide range of organisms, from humans to viruses. However, this is the first report of a CTLD-containing protein in protozoa and in\n            <jats:italic>Apicomplexa. Cp<\/jats:italic>\n            Clec is predicted to be a type 1 membrane protein, with a CTLD, an O-glycosylated mucin-like domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail containing a YXX\u03d5 sorting motif. The predicted structure of\n            <jats:italic>Cp<\/jats:italic>\n            Clec displays several characteristics of canonical CTLD-containing proteins, including a long loop region hydrophobic core associated with calcium-dependent glycan binding as well as predicted calcium- and glycan-binding sites.\n            <jats:italic>Cp<\/jats:italic>\n            Clec expression during\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">C. parvum<\/jats:named-content>\n            infection\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            is maximal at 48 h postinfection, suggesting that it is developmentally regulated. The 120-kDa mass of native\n            <jats:italic>Cp<\/jats:italic>\n            Clec is greater than predicted, most likely due to O-glycosylation.\n            <jats:italic>Cp<\/jats:italic>\n            Clec is localized to the surface of the apical region and to dense granules of sporozoites and merozoites. Taken together, these findings, along with the known functions of\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">C. parvum<\/jats:named-content>\n            mucin-like glycoproteins and of CTLD-containing proteins, strongly implicate a significant role for\n            <jats:italic>Cp<\/jats:italic>\n            Clec in\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Cryptosporidium<\/jats:named-content>\n            -host cell interactions.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00436-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,2]],"date-time":"2013-07-02T04:30:32Z","timestamp":1372739432000},"page":"3356-3365","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Identification and Characterization of Cryptosporidium parvum Clec, a Novel C-Type Lectin Domain-Containing Mucin-Like Glycoprotein"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Seema","family":"Bhalchandra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Ludington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Tufts Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Coppens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Honorine D.","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Tufts Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/368194"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-010-0960-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(02)01629-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e328357e569"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283437e88"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e32833de052"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","first-page":"CD004932","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of cryptosporidiosis in immunocompromised patients","volume":"1","author":"Abubakar I","year":"2007","unstructured":"AbubakarIAliyuSHArumugamCHunterPRUsmanNK. 2007. 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