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Importantly, stark differences in carbohydrate availability exist between the nasopharynx and invasive disease sites, such as the bloodstream, which most likely impact\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            \u2019s behavior. Herein, using chemically defined medium (CDM) supplemented with physiological levels of carbohydrates, we examined how anatomical site-specific carbohydrate availability impacted\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            physiology and virulence.\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            cells grown in CDM modeling the nasopharynx (CDM-N) had reduced metabolic activity and a lower growth rate, demonstrated mixed acid fermentation with marked H\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            O\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            production, and were in a carbon-catabolite repression (CCR)-derepressed state versus\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            cells grown in CDM modeling blood (CDM-B). Using transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq), we determined the transcriptome for the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            wild-type (WT) strain and its isogenic CCR-deficient mutant in CDM-N and CDM-B.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00451-21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,8]],"date-time":"2021-11-08T19:04:01Z","timestamp":1636398241000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Anatomical Site-Specific Carbohydrate Availability Impacts Streptococcus pneumoniae Virulence and Fitness during Colonization and Disease"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0629-7461","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hansol","family":"Im","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine L.","family":"Kruckow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adonis","family":"D\u2019Mello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feroze","family":"Ganaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary\/Allergy\/Critical Care, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eriel","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer N.","family":"Luck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyle H.","family":"Cichos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Arthroplasty Section, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashleigh N.","family":"Riegler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuhong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elie","family":"Ghanem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Arthroplasty Section, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamil S.","family":"Saad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moon H.","family":"Nahm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary\/Allergy\/Critical Care, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herv\u00e9","family":"Tettelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8542-4069","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Carlos J.","family":"Orihuela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"159","article-title":"Sur une maladie nouvelle, provoquee par la salive d'un enfant mort de la rage","volume":"92","author":"Pasteur L","year":"1881","unstructured":"Pasteur L. 1881. 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