{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T07:33:25Z","timestamp":1767166405133,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Despite the generation of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    -specific T cell immune responses during the course of infection, only 5 to 10% of exposed individuals develop active disease, while others develop a latent infection. This phenomenon suggests defective\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    -specific immunity, which necessitates more careful characterization of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    -specific T cell responses. Here, we longitudinally analyzed the phenotypes and functions of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    -specific T cells. In contrast to the functional exhaustion of T cells observed after chronic infection,\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    -specific CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells differentiated into either effector (CD127\n                    <jats:sup>lo<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD62L\n                    <jats:sup>lo<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) or effector memory (CD127\n                    <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD62L\n                    <jats:sup>lo<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) cells, but not central memory cells (CD127\n                    <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD62L\n                    <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), with low programmed death 1 (PD-1) expression, even in the presence of high levels of bacteria. Additionally,\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    -specific CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells produced substantial levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-\u03b1) and gamma interferon (IFN-\u03b3), but not interleukin 2 (IL-2), upon\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    restimulation. Among\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    -specific CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells, CD127\n                    <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n                    effector memory cells displayed slower ongoing turnover but greater survival potential. In addition, these cells produced more IFN-\u03b3 and TNF-\u03b1 and displayed lytic activity upon antigen stimulation. However, the effector function of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    -specific CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD127\n                    <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n                    effector memory T cells was inferior to that of canonical CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD127\n                    <jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>\n                    memory T cells generated after acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. Collectively, our data demonstrate that\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    -specific T cells can differentiate into memory T cells during the course of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    infection independent of the bacterial burden but with limited functionality. These results provide a framework for further understanding the mechanisms of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. tuberculosis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    infection that can be used to develop more effective vaccines.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00480-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,14]],"date-time":"2013-10-14T20:16:11Z","timestamp":1381781771000},"page":"132-139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Differentiation of Antigen-Specific T Cells with Limited Functional Capacity during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Yun Hee","family":"Jeong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo-Young","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sun-Hwa","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang-Nae","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung Jae","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang-Jun","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1185449"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2321"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(95)80151-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.57.2.390-395.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-8749(02)00510-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.6.2243"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-7915(95)80096-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.6.2249"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5407","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.9.5407","article-title":"Mice deficient in CD4 T cells have only transiently diminished levels of IFN-gamma, yet succumb to tuberculosis","volume":"162","author":"Caruso AM","year":"1999","unstructured":"CarusoAMSerbinaNKleinETrieboldKBloomBRFlynnJL. 1999. 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