{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:27:09Z","timestamp":1792787229717,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/ASMCopyrightv2"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712620800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shandong province key research and development plan","award":["2019GSF107022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019GSF107022"]}]},{"name":"Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province","award":["tsqn201812151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["tsqn201812151"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) is one of the common pathogens of fungal keratitis. Fungal growth and invasion cause excessive inflammation and corneal damage, leading to severe vision loss. Neutrophils are the primary infiltrating cells critical for fungal clearance. Cathelicidin [LL-37 in humans and cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP) in mice], a natural antimicrobial peptide, can directly inhibit the growth of many pathogens and regulate immune responses. However, the role of cathelicidin and its effect on neutrophils in\n                      <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      keratitis remain unclear. By establishing\n                      <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      keratitis mouse models, we found that cathelicidin was increased in\n                      <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      keratitis. It could reduce fungal loads, lower clinical scores, and improve corneal transparency. Restriction of CRAMP on fungal proliferation was largely counteracted in\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        CD18\n                        <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      mice, in which neutrophils cannot migrate into infected sites. When WT neutrophils were transferred into\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        CD18\n                        <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      mice, corneal fungal loads were distinctly reduced, indicating that neutrophils are vital for CRAMP-mediated resistance. Furthermore, cathelicidin promoted neutrophils to phagocytose and degrade conidia both\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      . CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) was reported to be a functional receptor of LL-37 on neutrophils. CXCR2 antagonist SB225002 or phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor U73122 weakened LL-37-induced phagocytosis. Meanwhile, LL-37 induced PLC \u03b3 phosphorylation, which was attenuated by SB225002. SB225002 or the autophagy inhibitors Bafilomycin-A1 and 3-Methyladenine weakened LL-37-induced degradation of conidia. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observed that LL-37 increased autophagosomes in\n                      <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      -infected neutrophils. Consistently, LL-37 elevated autophagy-associated protein expressions (Beclin-1 and LC3-II), but this effect was weakened by SB225002. Collectively, cathelicidin reduces fungal loads and improves the prognosis of\n                      <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      keratitis. Both\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      , cathelicidin promotes neutrophils to phagocytose and degrade conidia. LL-37\/CXCR2 activates PLC \u03b3 to amplify neutrophils\u2032 phagocytosis and induces autophagy to eliminate intracellular conidia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00483-23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T08:00:24Z","timestamp":1710835224000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Cathelicidin boosts the antifungal activity of neutrophils and improves prognosis during\n                    <i>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/i>\n                    keratitis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Xiaochen","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xudong","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengxiu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Luan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guiqiu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6775-3125","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jing","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","first-page":"214","article-title":"Corneal blindness: a global perspective","volume":"79","author":"Whitcher JP","year":"2001","unstructured":"Whitcher JP, Srinivasan M, Upadhyay MP. 2001. 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