{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T18:08:44Z","timestamp":1771351724855,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]],"date-time":"2010-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1285891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Pulmonary colonization by the opportunistic pathogen\n            <jats:italic>Pneumocystis jiroveci<\/jats:italic>\n            is common in HIV\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            subjects and has been associated with development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Host and environmental factors associated with colonization susceptibility are undefined. Using a simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) model of HIV infection, the immunologic parameters associated with natural\n            <jats:italic>Pneumocystis jiroveci<\/jats:italic>\n            transmission were evaluated. SHIV-infected macaques were exposed to\n            <jats:italic>P. jiroveci<\/jats:italic>\n            by cohousing with immunosuppressed,\n            <jats:italic>P. jiroveci<\/jats:italic>\n            -colonized macaques in two independent experiments. Serial plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid samples were examined for changes in antibody titers to recombinant\n            <jats:italic>Pneumocystis<\/jats:italic>\n            -kexin protein (KEX1) and evidence of\n            <jats:italic>Pneumocystis<\/jats:italic>\n            colonization by nested PCR of BAL fluid. In experiment 1, 10 of 14 monkeys became\n            <jats:italic>Pneumocystis<\/jats:italic>\n            colonized (Pc\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            ) by 8 weeks post-SHIV infection, while 4 animals remained\n            <jats:italic>Pneumocystis<\/jats:italic>\n            colonization negative (Pc\n            <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            ) throughout the study. In experiment 2, 11 of 17 animals became\n            <jats:italic>Pneumocystis<\/jats:italic>\n            colonized by 16 weeks post-SHIV infection, while 6 monkeys remained Pc\n            <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            . Baseline plasma KEX1-IgG titers were significantly higher in monkeys that remained Pc\n            <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            , compared to Pc\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            monkeys, in experiments 1 (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.013) and 2 (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.022). Pc\n            <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            monkeys had greater percentages of\n            <jats:italic>Pneumocystis<\/jats:italic>\n            -specific memory B cells after SHIV infection compared to Pc\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            monkeys (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.037). After SHIV infection, Pc\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            monkeys developed progressive obstructive pulmonary disease, whereas Pc\n            <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            monkeys maintained normal lung function throughout the study. These results demonstrate a correlation between the KEX1 humoral response and the prevention of\n            <jats:italic>Pneumocystis<\/jats:italic>\n            colonization and obstructive lung disease in the SHIV model. In addition, these results indicate that an effective\n            <jats:italic>Pneumocystis<\/jats:italic>\n            -specific memory B-cell response is maintained despite progressive loss of CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells during SHIV infection.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00507-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,27]],"date-time":"2010-07-27T03:17:12Z","timestamp":1280200632000},"page":"4320-4330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Relationship of\n            <i>Pneumocystis jiroveci<\/i>\n            Humoral Immunity to Prevention of Colonization and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Primate Model of HIV Infection"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Heather M.","family":"Kling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy W.","family":"Shipley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sangita P.","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Kristoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Bryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald C.","family":"Montelaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen A.","family":"Norris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/375354"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/373997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)91468-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00165-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.20.5.351"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/088922202753519179"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.130.5.1326"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2003.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/341565"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.1998.tb01201.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.28059-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1570162043485068"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-07-2375"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-116-2-124"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"369","volume":"132","year":"2000","unstructured":"Diaz, P. 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