{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:58:33Z","timestamp":1787237913653,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]],"date-time":"2012-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346457600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    is the tick-borne bacterium that causes the multistage inflammatory disease Lyme disease.\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    has a reduced genome and lacks the enzymes required for\n                    <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic>\n                    synthesis of purines for synthesis of RNA and DNA. Therefore, this obligate pathogen is dependent upon the tick vector and mammalian host environments for salvage of purine bases for nucleic acid biosynthesis. This pathway is vital for\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    survival throughout its infectious cycle, as key enzymes in the purine salvage pathway are essential for the ability of the spirochete to infect mice and critical for spirochete replication in the tick. The transport of preformed purines into the spirochete is the first step in the purine salvage pathway and may represent a novel therapeutic target and\/or means to deliver antispirochete molecules to the pathogen. However, the transport systems critical for purine salvage by\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    have yet to be identified. Herein, we demonstrate that the genes\n                    <jats:italic>bbb22<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>bbb23<\/jats:italic>\n                    , present on\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    's essential plasmid circular plasmid 26 (cp26), encode key purine transport proteins. BBB22 and\/or BBB23 is essential for hypoxanthine transport and contributes to the transport of adenine and guanine. Furthermore,\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    lacking\n                    <jats:italic>bbb22-23<\/jats:italic>\n                    was noninfectious in mice up to a dose of 1 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>\n                    spirochetes. Together, our data establish that\n                    <jats:italic>bbb22-23<\/jats:italic>\n                    encode purine permeases critical for\n                    <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    mammalian infectivity, suggesting that this transport system may serve as a novel antimicrobial target for the treatment of Lyme disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00514-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,18]],"date-time":"2012-06-18T22:56:25Z","timestamp":1340060185000},"page":"3086-3093","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Borrelia burgdorferi Harbors a Transport System Essential for Purine Salvage and Mammalian Infection"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Sunny","family":"Jain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selina","family":"Sutchu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia A.","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonotic Pathogens, Rocky Mountain Labs, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Byram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonotic Pathogens, Rocky Mountain Labs, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mollie W.","family":"Jewett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2003.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"521","article-title":"Isolation and cultivation of Lyme disease spirochetes","volume":"57","author":"Barbour AG","year":"1984","unstructured":"BarbourAG. 1984. 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