{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:54:03Z","timestamp":1790729643093,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]],"date-time":"2017-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485907200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014588","name":"Sanofi Pasteur","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014588","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01 08671"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 08671"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            An increase in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            nasopharynx (NP) colonization density during a viral coinfection initiates pathogenesis. To mimic natural\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            pathogenesis, we commensally colonized the NPs of adult C57BL\/6 mice with\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            serotype (ST) 6A or 8 and then coinfected them with mouse-adapted H1N1 influenza A virus (PR\/8\/34).\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            established effective commensal colonization, and influenza virus coinfection caused\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            NP density to increase, resulting in bacteremia and mortality. We then studied histidine triad protein D (PhtD), an\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            adhesin vaccine candidate, for its ability to prevent invasive\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            disease in adult and infant mice. In adult mice, the efficacy of PhtD vaccination was compared with that of PCV13. Vaccination with PCV13 led to a greater reduction of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            NP density (&gt;2.5 log units) than PhtD vaccination (\u223c1-log-unit reduction). However, no significant difference was observed with regard to the prevention of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            bacteremia, and there was no difference in mortality. Depletion of CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells in PhtD-vaccinated adult mice, but not PCV13-vaccinated mice, caused a loss of vaccine-induced protection. In infant mice, passive transfer of antisera or CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells from PhtD-vaccinated adult mice led to a nonsignificant reduction in NP colonization density, whereas passive transfer of antisera and CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cells was needed to cause a significant reduction in NP colonization density. For the first time, these data show an outcome with regard to prevention of invasive\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            pathogenesis with a protein vaccine similar to that which occurs with a glycoconjugate vaccine despite a less robust reduction in NP bacterial density.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00530-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,29]],"date-time":"2016-11-29T02:30:45Z","timestamp":1480386645000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Protection against Streptococcus pneumoniae Invasive Pathogenesis by a Protein-Based Vaccine Is Achieved by Suppression of Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Density during Influenza A Virus Coinfection"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"M. 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