{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T20:36:15Z","timestamp":1788899775174,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI069568"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI069568"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Approximately 20% of the population is persistently colonized by\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n                    in the nares. Th17-like immune responses mediated by the interleukin-17 (IL-17) family of cytokines and neutrophils are becoming recognized as relevant host defense mechanisms for resolution of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n                    mucocutaneous infections. Since antimicrobial peptides are regulated by the IL-17 cytokines, we sought to determine the role of IL-17 cytokines in production of antimicrobial peptides in a murine model of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n                    nasal carriage. We discovered that nasal tissue supernatants have antistaphylococcal activity, and mice deficient in both IL-17A and IL-17F lost the ability to clear\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n                    nasal colonization. IL-17A was found to be sufficient for nasal mBD-3 production\n                    <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    and was required for CRAMP, mBD-3, and mBD-14 expression in response to\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n                    colonization\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    . These data were confirmed in a clinical study of nasal secretions in which elevated levels of the human forms of these antimicrobial peptides were found in nasal secretions from healthy human subjects when they were colonized with\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n                    but not in secretions from noncolonized subjects. Together, these data provide evidence for the importance of IL-17A regulation of antimicrobial peptides and IL-17F in the clearance of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. aureus<\/jats:named-content>\n                    nasal carriage.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00596-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,11]],"date-time":"2016-10-11T12:59:00Z","timestamp":1476190740000},"page":"3575-3583","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and IL-17F Are Critical for Antimicrobial Peptide Production and Clearance of Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Colonization"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Nathan K.","family":"Archer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Dental School, University of Maryland\u2013Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, 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