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Toxoplasmosis is a major cause of visual defects in the Colombian population; however, the association between genetic polymorphisms in cytokine genes and susceptibility to ocular toxoplasmosis has not been studied in this population. This work evaluates the associations between polymorphisms in genes coding for the cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-\u03b1) (rs1799964, rs1800629, rs1799724, rs1800630, and rs361525), interleukin 1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2) (rs16944, rs1143634, and rs1143627), IL-1\u03b1 (rs1800587), gamma interferon (IFN-\u03b3) (rs2430561), and IL-10 (rs1800896 and rs1800871) and the presence of ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) in a sample of a Colombian population (61 patients with OT and 116 healthy controls). Genotyping was performed with the \u201cdideoxynucleotide (ddNTP) primer extension\u201d technique. Functional-effect predictions of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were done by using FuncPred. A polymorphism in the IL-10 gene promoter (\u22121082G\/A) was significantly more prevalent in OT patients than in controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 1.93e\u221208; odds ratio [OR] = 5.27e+03; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.18 to 8.739; Bonferroni correction [BONF] = 3.48e\u221207). In contrast, haplotype \u201cAG\u201d of the IL-10 gene promoter polymorphisms (rs1800896 and rs1800871) was present at a lower frequency in OT patients (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 7e\u221204; OR = 0.10; 95% CI = 0.03 to 0.35). The +874A\/T polymorphism of IFN-\u03b3 was associated with OT (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 3.37e\u221205; OR = 4.2; 95% CI = 2.478 to 7.12; BONF = 6.07e\u221204). Haplotype \u201cGAG\u201d of the IL-1\u03b2 gene promoter polymorphisms (rs1143634, rs1143627, and rs16944) appeared to be significantly associated with OT (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.0494). The IL-10, IFN-\u03b3, and IL-1\u03b2 polymorphisms influence the development of OT in the Colombian population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00597-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,2]],"date-time":"2018-02-02T15:25:03Z","timestamp":1517585103000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Genetic Polymorphisms in Cytokine Genes in Colombian Patients with Ocular Toxoplasmosis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"C. 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E.","family":"Mantilla-Muriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Infecci\u00f3n e Inmunidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Beltr\u00e1n-Angarita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Farmacogen\u00e9tica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Elcoroaristizabal-Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetracer Biotech, Santander, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"McLeod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Pediatrics (Infectious Diseases), The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Alliey-Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I. 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