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The results indicate that NMI infection induced more severe disease in both MHC-I-deficient and MHC-II-deficient mice than in wild-type (WT) mice, while only MHC-I-deficient mice developed a severe persistent infection and were unable to control bacterial replication. These results suggest that both MHC-I-restricted CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells and MHC-II-restricted CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells contribute to host defense against primary<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. burnetii<\/jats:named-content>infection, while MHC-I-restricted CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells appear to play a more critical role in controlling bacterial replication. Additionally, although NMI infection induced more severe disease in TAP1-deficient mice than in their WT counterparts, TAP1 deficiency in mice did not significantly influence their ability to eliminate<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. burnetii<\/jats:named-content>. This suggests that<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. burnetii<\/jats:named-content>antigen presentation to CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells by the MHC-I classical pathway may depend only partially on TAP1. Furthermore, granzyme B deficiency in mice did not significantly alter their susceptibility to<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. burnetii<\/jats:named-content>infection, but perforin-deficient mice were unable to control host inflammatory responses during primary<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. burnetii<\/jats:named-content>infection. These results suggest that perforin, but not granzyme B, is required for<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. burnetii<\/jats:named-content>antigen-specific cytotoxic CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells to control primary<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. burnetii<\/jats:named-content>infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00602-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,9]],"date-time":"2018-01-09T11:59:29Z","timestamp":1515499169000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Both Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I (MHC-I) and MHC-II Molecules Are Required, while MHC-I Appears To Play a Critical Role in Host Defense against Primary Coxiella burnetii Infection"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Buttrum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsey","family":"Ledbetter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rama","family":"Cherla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoquan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.12.4.518"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/596705"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.75.1.0750036"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.37.9.1733"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.159.2.167"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.6.701"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2011.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70135-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2011.00876.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.33321\/cdi.1997.21.5","article-title":"Q fever vaccination in Queensland abattoirs","volume":"21","author":"Bell M","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bell M, Patel M, Sheridan J. 1997. 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