{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T08:49:09Z","timestamp":1791103749944,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]],"date-time":"2013-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Expression of the<jats:italic>lspB-lspA2<\/jats:italic>operon encoding a virulence-related two-partner secretion system in<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Haemophilus ducreyi<\/jats:named-content>35000HP is directly regulated by the CpxRA regulatory system (M. Labandeira-Rey, J. R. Mock, and E. J. Hansen, Infect. Immun. 77:3402\u20133411, 2009). In the present study, we show that this secretion system is also regulated by the small nucleoid-associated protein Fis. Inactivation of the<jats:italic>H. ducreyi fis<\/jats:italic>gene resulted in a reduction in expression of both the<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">H. ducreyi<\/jats:named-content>LspB and LspA2 proteins. DNA microarray experiments showed that a<jats:italic>H. ducreyi fis<\/jats:italic>deletion mutant exhibited altered expression levels of genes encoding other important<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">H. ducreyi<\/jats:named-content>virulence factors, including DsrA and Flp1, suggesting a possible global role for Fis in the control of virulence in this obligate human pathogen. While the<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">H. ducreyi<\/jats:named-content>Fis protein has a high degree of sequence and structural similarity to the Fis proteins of other bacteria, its temporal pattern of expression was very different from that of enterobacterial Fis proteins. The use of a<jats:italic>lacZ<\/jats:italic>-based transcriptional reporter provided evidence which indicated that the<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">H. ducreyi<\/jats:named-content>Fis homolog is a positive regulator of<jats:italic>gyrB<\/jats:italic>, a gene that is negatively regulated by Fis in enteric bacteria. Taken together, the Fis protein expression data and the observed regulatory effects of Fis in<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">H. ducreyi<\/jats:named-content>suggest that this small DNA binding protein has a regulatory role in<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">H. ducreyi<\/jats:named-content>which may differ in substantial ways from that of other Fis proteins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00714-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,27]],"date-time":"2013-08-27T04:13:56Z","timestamp":1377576836000},"page":"4160-4170","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Haemophilus ducreyi Fis Protein Is Involved in Controlling Expression of the<i>lspB-lspA2<\/i>Operon and Other Virulence 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