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In this study, we evaluated the effects on immunogenicity and the efficacy of a<jats:italic>sopB<\/jats:italic>deletion mutation on two<jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic>serovar Typhimurium vaccine strains with different attenuating mutations expressing a highly antigenic \u03b1-helical region of the<jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>surface protein PspA from an Asd<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-balanced lethal plasmid. After oral administration to mice, the two pairs of strains induced high levels of serum antibodies specific for PspA as well as to<jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>antigens. The levels of antigen-specific serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and mucosal IgA were higher in mice immunized with<jats:italic>sopB<\/jats:italic>mutants. Enzyme-linked immunospot assay results indicated that the spleen cells from mice immunized with a<jats:italic>sopB<\/jats:italic>mutant showed higher interleukin-4 and gamma interferon secretion levels than did the mice immunized with the isogenic<jats:italic>sopB<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>strain. The<jats:italic>sopB<\/jats:italic>mutants also induced higher numbers of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD44<jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>CD62L<jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD44<jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>CD62L<jats:sup>hi<\/jats:sup>central memory T cells. Eight weeks after primary oral immunization, mice were challenged with 100 50% lethal doses of virulent<jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>WU2. Immunization with either of the<jats:italic>sopB<\/jats:italic>mutant strains led to increased levels of protection compared to that with the isogenic<jats:italic>sopB<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>parent. Together, these results demonstrate that the deletion of<jats:italic>sopB<\/jats:italic>leads to an overall enhancement of the immunogenicity and efficacy of recombinant attenuated<jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>vaccine strains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00720-08","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,3]],"date-time":"2008-09-03T01:11:35Z","timestamp":1220404295000},"page":"5238-5246","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["A<i>sopB<\/i>Deletion Mutation Enhances the Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of a Heterologous Antigen Delivered by Live Attenuated<i>Salmonella enterica<\/i>Vaccines"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Yuhua","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Biodesign Institute, Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shifeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Biodesign Institute, Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Xin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Biodesign Institute, Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Scarpellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Biodesign Institute, Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoxing","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Biodesign Institute, Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bronwyn","family":"Gunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Biodesign Institute, Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth L.","family":"Roland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Biodesign Institute, Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Roy","family":"Curtiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Biodesign Institute, Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.62.3.293-300.1951"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(96)82948-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.55.12.3035-3043.1987"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"297","year":"2007","unstructured":"Curtiss, R., III, X. 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