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Herein, we describe the identification and characterization of the<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>67.6-kDa hypothetical protein, named for the<jats:underline>s<\/jats:underline>urface factor promoting resistance to<jats:underline>o<\/jats:underline>xidative<jats:underline>k<\/jats:underline>illing (SOK) in this study. Sequence analysis showed that the SOK gene is conserved in all sequenced<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>strains and homologous to the myosin cross-reactive antigen of<jats:italic>Streptococcus pyogenes.<\/jats:italic>Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence analysis showed that SOK was copurified with membrane fractions and was exposed on the surface of<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>Newman and RN4220. Comparative analysis of wild-type<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>and an isogenic deletion strain indicated that SOK contributes to both resistance to killing by human neutrophils and to oxidative stress. In addition, the<jats:italic>S. aureus sok<\/jats:italic>deletion strain showed dramatically reduced aortic valve vegetation and bacterial cell number in a rabbit endocarditis model. These results, plus the suspected role of the streptococcal homologue in certain diseases such as acute rheumatic fever, suggest that SOK plays an important role in cardiovascular and other staphylococcal infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00736-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,12]],"date-time":"2010-10-12T04:59:31Z","timestamp":1286859571000},"page":"342-352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Characterization of a<i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>Surface Virulence Factor That Promotes Resistance to Oxidative Killing and Infectious Endocarditis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Natalia","family":"Malachowa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra L.","family":"Kohler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick M.","family":"Schlievert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivia N.","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary M.","family":"Dunny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott D.","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacek","family":"Miedzobrodzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory A.","family":"Bohach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844"},{"name":"Present address: Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keun Seok","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002530100703"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/519474"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/520289"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01000-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01022318"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00306-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.1150191108"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6732","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.163.12.6732","volume":"163","year":"1999","unstructured":"DeLeo, F. 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