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However, chlamydial organisms depleted of plasmid or deficient in the plasmid-encoded Pgp3 are attenuated in ascending infection and no longer are able to induce the upper genital tract pathologies, indicating a significant role of Pgp3 in chlamydial pathogenesis. We now report that<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. trachomatis<\/jats:named-content>Pgp3 can neutralize the antichlamydial activity of human cathelicidin LL-37, a host antimicrobial peptide secreted by both genital tract epithelial cells and infiltrating neutrophils. Pgp3 bound to and formed stable complexes with LL-37. We further showed that the middle region of Pgp3 (Pgp3m) was responsible for both the binding to and neutralization of LL-37, suggesting that Pgp3m can be targeted for attenuating chlamydial pathogenicity or developed for blocking LL-37-involved non-genital-tract pathologies, such as rosacea and psoriasis. Thus, the current study has provided significant information for both understanding the mechanisms of chlamydial pathogenesis and developing novel therapeutic agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00746-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,29]],"date-time":"2015-09-29T02:18:33Z","timestamp":1443493113000},"page":"4701-4709","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Chlamydial Plasmid-Encoded Virulence Factor Pgp3 Neutralizes the Antichlamydial Activity of Human Cathelicidin LL-37"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Shuping","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Department of Dermatovenereology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohua","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhangsheng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quanzhong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatovenereology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangming","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","volume-title":"2008 Sexually transmitted diseases surveillance","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2009","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2009. 2008 Sexually transmitted diseases surveillance. 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