{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T20:19:44Z","timestamp":1789589984765,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    colonizes the stomach and induces strong, specific local and systemic humoral and cell-mediated immunity, resulting in the development of chronic gastritis in humans. Although\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    -induced chronic atrophic gastritis is characterized by marked infiltration of T helper type 1 (Th1) cytokine-producing CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells, almost all of the inflamed gastric mucosae also contain focal lymphoid aggregates with germinal centers. In addition, typical\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    -induced chronic gastritis in children, called follicular gastritis, is characterized by B-cell follicle formation in the gastric mucosa. The aim of this study was to examine whether thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), an epithelial-cell-derived cytokine inducing a dendritic cell (DC)-mediated inflammatory Th2 response, is involved in Th2 responses triggering B-cell activation in\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    -induced gastritis. Here, we show that\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    triggered human gastric epithelial cells to produce TSLP, together with the DC-attracting chemokine MIP-3\u03b1 and the B-cell-activating factor BAFF. After DCs were incubated with supernatants from\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    -infected epithelial cells, the conditioned cells expressed high levels of costimulatory molecules, such as CD80, and triggered nai\u0308ve CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells to produce high levels of the Th2 cytokines interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 and of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha and gamma interferon. In contrast, after incubation of the supernatants with the neutralizing antibodies to TSLP, the conditioned DCs did not prime T cells to produce high levels of Th2 cytokines. These results, together with the finding that TSLP was expressed by the epithelial cells of human follicular gastritis, suggest that\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    can directly trigger epithelial cells to produce TSLP. It also suggests that TSLP-mediated DC activation may be involved in Th2 responses triggering B-cell activation in\n                    <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    -induced gastritis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00762-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,19]],"date-time":"2009-10-19T20:59:02Z","timestamp":1255985942000},"page":"108-114","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["<i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\n                    Promotes the Production of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin by Gastric Epithelial Cells and Induces Dendritic Cell-Mediated Inflammatory Th2 Responses"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Kido","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"name":"Center for Innovation in Immunoregulative Technology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junya","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"name":"Center for Innovation in Immunoregulative Technology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuhiro","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"name":"Center for Innovation in Immunoregulative Technology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoru","family":"Iwamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"name":"Center for Innovation in Immunoregulative Technology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisayo","family":"Nishiura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"name":"Center for Innovation in Immunoregulative Technology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Chiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norihiko","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"},{"name":"Center for Innovation in Immunoregulative Technology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1786"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2006.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-005-1743-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-29-1-55"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"1161","volume":"10","year":"1996","unstructured":"Dixon, M. 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