{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T09:58:25Z","timestamp":1785319105343,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]],"date-time":"2018-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525132800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"MCTI | Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["465771\/2014-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["465771\/2014-9"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"MCTI | Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"MCTI | Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"MCTI | Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"MCTI | Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["465771\/2014-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["465771\/2014-9"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a chronic parasitic disease caused by<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Leishmania infantum<\/jats:named-content>in the Americas. During VL, several proinflammatory cytokines are produced in spleen, liver, and bone marrow. However, the role of interleukin-32 (IL-32) has not been explored in this disease. IL-32 can induce production of proinflammatory cytokines in innate immune cells and polarize the adaptive immune response. Herein, we discovered that<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. infantum<\/jats:named-content>antigens induced expression of mRNA mainly for the IL-32\u03b3 isoform but also induced low levels of the IL-32\u03b2 transcript in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Furthermore, infection of human IL-32\u03b3 transgenic mice (IL-32\u03b3Tg mice) with<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. infantum<\/jats:named-content>promastigote forms increased IL-32\u03b3 expression in the spleen and liver. Interestingly, IL-32\u03b3Tg mice harbored less parasitism in the spleen and liver than wild-type (WT) mice. In addition, IL-32\u03b3Tg mice showed increased granuloma formation in the liver compared to WT mice. The protection against VL was associated with increased production of nitric oxide (NO), interferon gamma (IFN-\u03b3), IL-17A, and tumor necrosis factor alpha by splenic cells restimulated<jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>with<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. infantum<\/jats:named-content>antigens. In parallel, there was an increase in the number of Th1 and Th17 T cells in the spleens of IL-32\u03b3Tg mice infected with<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. infantum<\/jats:named-content>. IL-32\u03b3 induction of IFN-\u03b3 and IL-17A expression was found to be essential for NO production by splenic cells of infected animals. These data indicate that IL-32\u03b3 potentiates the Th1\/Th17 immune response during experimental VL, thus contributing to the control of<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">L. infantum<\/jats:named-content>infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00796-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,23]],"date-time":"2018-02-23T10:07:27Z","timestamp":1519380447000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Human Interleukin-32\u03b3 Plays a Protective Role in an Experimental Model of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Rodrigo Saar","family":"Gomes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muriel Vilela Teodoro","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9ssica Cristina","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"van Linge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana Machado","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro Martins","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebasti\u00e3o Alves","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Goiano de Oncologia e Hematologia, Goi\u00e2nia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam Leandro","family":"Dorta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiyuan","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward D.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles A.","family":"Dinarello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milton Adriano Pelli","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leo A. B.","family":"Joosten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Ribeiro-Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035671"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-4-197"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00272"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(01)90223-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.14.43"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1412-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2005.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2608"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652009000500002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.2.893"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI38813"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu531"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis771"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.240530409"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-42-39"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116570"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir461"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","first-page":"131","article-title":"Interleukin-32: a cytokine and inducer of TNFalpha","volume":"22","author":"Kim S-H","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kim S-H, Han S-Y, Azam T, Yoon D-Y, Dinarello CA. 2005. Interleukin-32: a cytokine and inducer of TNFalpha. Immunity 22:131\u2013142.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.4RU0416-175RR"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2009.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1003996"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2014.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030277"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901913"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxr075"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2008.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0902667"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2012.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0511233103"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.1404.04012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1424302112"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2268-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-249"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005413"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1015418107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09978"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2015.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)60565-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(86)90346-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1993.1080"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.57.9.765"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2013.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00427-012-0420-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-8244(98)00079-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00283-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2613.2001.00199.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2004.00188.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-015-0548-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/107999000312748"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.15-277202"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.1.557"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2074"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4089"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.74.1013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112209"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5949","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.152.12.5949","article-title":"Restoration of IFN-gamma production and lymphocyte proliferation in visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"152","author":"Carvalho EM","year":"1994","unstructured":"Carvalho EM, Bacellar O, Brownell C, Regis T, Coffman RL, Reed SG. 1994. Restoration of IFN-gamma production and lymphocyte proliferation in visceral leishmaniasis. J Immunol 152:5949\u20135956.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2016.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2016.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.11.7980"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200104)31:4<1199::AID-IMMU1199>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.10.174"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2010.01256.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0713598"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12420"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200940115"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0900568"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiw446"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2014.06.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2008.03025.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002914"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.2016.1105135"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2016.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/652871"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1987.9999"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1016005108"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762004000300009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.9.2167"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2008.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1993.1468"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.296"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/pdb.prot5080"}],"container-title":["Infection and Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.00796-17","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/IAI.00796-17","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T07:38:01Z","timestamp":1693553881000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/IAI.00796-17"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Judith A.","family":"Appleton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/IAI.00796-17"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.00796-17","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-9567","1098-5522"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-9567","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5522","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-11-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-02-03","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-04-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00796-17"}}