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In the current study, we sought to determine the role of IL-10 during infection of arthritis- and carditis-susceptible C3H mice. Infection of C3H IL-10<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>mice led to increased joint swelling and arthritis severity scores over those of wild-type C3H mice. Measurement of<jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>numbers in joints or disseminated tissues indicated a more efficient clearance of spirochetes in the absence of IL-10, similar to that reported in C57BL\/6 IL-10<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>mice. However, in contrast to previous in vitro work, infection of C3H IL-10<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>mice led to decreased in vivo expression of the cytokines KC, IL-1\u03b2, IL-4, and IL-12p70 in the infected joints. Finally, adenoviral expression of IL-10 in the infected joints of C3H mice was unable to modulate the development of severe Lyme arthritis and had no effect on spirochete clearance or<jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic>-specific antibody production. Development of Lyme carditis appeared to be independent of modulation by IL-10. These results suggest that IL-10 limits the development of joint inflammation in both arthritis-resistant and -susceptible mouse strains infected with<jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>and that increased IL-10 production cannot rescue genetic susceptibility to development of pathology in this model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00808-08","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,30]],"date-time":"2008-09-30T00:44:51Z","timestamp":1222735491000},"page":"5500-5507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Adenoviral Delivery of Interleukin-10 Fails To Attenuate Experimental Lyme Disease"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Charles R.","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Veterinary Pathobiology"},{"name":"Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie Y.-C.","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Veterinary Pathobiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven T.","family":"Callen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Veterinary Pathobiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria A.","family":"Blaho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Veterinary Pathobiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Veterinary Pathobiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Veterinary Pathobiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm732"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5213","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.11.5213","volume":"160","year":"1998","unstructured":"Apparailly, F., C. 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