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These vaccines contain lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The inclusion of<jats:italic>N. meningitidis<\/jats:italic>wild-type LPS in a vaccine is controversial because of its high toxicity. Therefore, the adjuvant activity of a panel of different Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists in combination with LPS-deficient meningococcal outer membrane complexes was compared after immunization of mice. The results demonstrate that TLR3, TLR4, TLR7, and TLR9 agonists enhance immune responses against LPS-deficient outer membrane complexes. Their adjuvant activity was characterized by higher levels of antigen-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgG2a, and IgG2b; a higher IgG2a\/IgG1 ratio; lower total IgE levels; and most importantly, higher serum bactericidal antibody titers compared to LPS-deficient outer membrane complexes alone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00846-07","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,2]],"date-time":"2007-10-02T00:25:55Z","timestamp":1191284755000},"page":"5939-5946","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Agonists of Toll-Like Receptors 3, 4, 7, and 9 Are Candidates for Use as Adjuvants in an Outer Membrane Vaccine against<i>Neisseria meningitidis<\/i>Serogroup B"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Floris","family":"Fransen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Vaccine Research, The Netherlands Vaccine Institute, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 11-13, 3720 AL Bilthoven, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire J.","family":"Boog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Vaccine Research, The Netherlands Vaccine Institute, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 11-13, 3720 AL Bilthoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos P.","family":"van Putten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"van der Ley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Vaccine Research, The Netherlands Vaccine Institute, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 11-13, 3720 AL Bilthoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.10.4984"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/32588"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04596"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20021908"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/09680519010070060401"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"914","volume":"98","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chang, Y. 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