{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T11:48:09Z","timestamp":1761997689055,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]],"date-time":"2017-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496275200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006492","name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Granulibacter bethesdensis<\/jats:named-content>\n            is a Gram-negative bacterium that infects patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), a primary immunodeficiency marked by a defect in NOX2, the phagocyte NADPH oxidase. Previous studies have shown that NOX2 is essential for killing of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">G. bethesdensis<\/jats:named-content>\n            by neutrophils and monocytes and that the bacteriostatic activity of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) requires NOX2 and gamma interferon (IFN-\u03b3) pretreatment. To determine whether\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">G. bethesdensis<\/jats:named-content>\n            evades phagolysosomal killing, a host defense pathway intact in both normal and CGD MDM, or whether it occupies a distinct intracellular niche in CGD MDM, we assessed the trafficking patterns of this organism. We observed colocalization of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">G. bethesdensis<\/jats:named-content>\n            with an early endosome antigen 1 (EEA1)-positive compartment, followed by colocalization with lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1)-positive and LysoTracker-positive late phagosomes; these characteristics were similar in both normal and CGD MDM. Despite localization to acidified late phagosomes, viable\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">G. bethesdensis<\/jats:named-content>\n            cells were recovered from viable MDM in numbers greater than in the initial input up to 6 days after infection.\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">G. bethesdensis<\/jats:named-content>\n            remains, and in some cases appears to divide, within a membrane-bound compartment for the entire 6-day time course. These findings indicate that this organism resists both oxygen-dependent and oxygen-independent phagolysosomal antimicrobial systems of human macrophages.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00847-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,21]],"date-time":"2017-03-21T00:30:33Z","timestamp":1490056233000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Early Intracellular Trafficking of Granulibacter bethesdensis in Human Macrophages"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Jessica","family":"Chu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margery G.","family":"Smelkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Imaging Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Dorward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electron Microscopy Unit, Research Technologies Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kol A.","family":"Zarember","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John I.","family":"Gallin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of 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USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hoc.2012.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1300200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.05557-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2203.151265"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1609.091800"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2008.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.64412-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-012-9728-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00767-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2128"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0403147"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.6.2222-2228.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.2.1016-1019.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12266"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.14.2.555-563.1976"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01031-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-100109-104034"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12223"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00682-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2004.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2007.00901.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00305-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047912"}],"container-title":["Infection 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