{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T18:05:47Z","timestamp":1791223547723,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]],"date-time":"2013-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385856000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Shigellosis is an important disease in the developing world, where about 90 million people become infected with\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Shigella<\/jats:named-content>\n            spp. each year. We previously demonstrated that the type three secretion apparatus (T3SA) proteins IpaB and IpaD are protective antigens in the mouse lethal pulmonary model. In order to simplify vaccine formulation and process development, we have evaluated a vaccine design that incorporates both of these previously tested\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Shigella<\/jats:named-content>\n            antigens into a single polypeptide chain. To determine if this fusion protein (DB fusion) retains the antigenic and protective capacities of IpaB and IpaD, we immunized mice with the DB fusion and compared the immune response to that elicited by the IpaB\/IpaD combination vaccine. Purification of the DB fusion required coexpression with IpgC, the IpaB chaperone, and after purification it maintained the highly \u03b1-helical characteristics of IpaB and IpaD. The DB fusion also induced comparable immune responses and retained the ability to protect mice against\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Shigella flexneri<\/jats:named-content>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">S. sonnei<\/jats:named-content>\n            in the lethal pulmonary challenge. It also offered limited protection against\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">S. dysenteriae<\/jats:named-content>\n            challenge. Our results show the feasibility of generating a protective\n            <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Shigella<\/jats:named-content>\n            vaccine comprised of the DB fusion.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00859-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,24]],"date-time":"2013-09-24T05:44:17Z","timestamp":1380001457000},"page":"4470-4477","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Characterization of a Novel Fusion Protein from IpaB and IpaD of Shigella spp. and Its Potential as a Pan-Shigella Vaccine"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Francisco J.","family":"Martinez-Becerra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaotong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas E.","family":"Dickenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shyamal P.","family":"Choudhari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John D.","family":"Clements","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William D.","family":"Picking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lillian L.","family":"Van De Verg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Enteric Vaccine Initiative, Vaccine Development Global Program, PATH, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard I.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Enteric Vaccine Initiative, Vaccine Development Global Program, PATH, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy L.","family":"Picking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","volume-title":"Initiative for vaccine research: diarrheal diseases (updated February 2009)","author":"WHO","year":"2009","unstructured":"WHO. 2009. 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