{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T18:10:51Z","timestamp":1792519851159,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    , a major periodontopathogen, is involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2), a proinflammatory cytokine, regulates innate immune responses and is critical for the host defense against bacterial infection. However, excessive IL-1\u03b2 is linked to periodontal destruction. IL-1\u03b2 synthesis, maturation, and secretion are tightly regulated by Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling and inflammasome activation. We found much higher levels of inflammasome components in the gingival tissues from patients with chronic periodontitis than in those from healthy controls. To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. gingivalis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    infection causes IL-1\u03b2 secretion, we examined the characteristics of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. gingivalis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    -induced signaling in differentiated THP-1 cells. We found that\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. gingivalis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    induces IL-1\u03b2 secretion and inflammatory cell death via caspase-1 activation. We also found that\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. gingivalis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    -induced IL-1\u03b2 secretion and pyroptic cell death required both NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasome activation. The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome was mediated by ATP release, the P2X\n                    <jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor, and lysosomal damage. In addition, we found that the priming signal via TLR2 and TLR4 activation precedes\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. gingivalis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    -induced IL-1\u03b2 release. Our study provides novel insight into the innate immune response against\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. gingivalis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    infection which could potentially be used for the prevention and therapy of periodontitis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00862-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,14]],"date-time":"2013-10-14T20:16:11Z","timestamp":1381781771000},"page":"112-123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":204,"title":["Activation of NLRP3 and AIM2 Inflammasomes by Porphyromonas gingivalis Infection"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Eunjoo","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee Sam","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Ri","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seong Yeol","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Integrative Biosciences &amp; 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