{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T16:57:08Z","timestamp":1776877028016,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human CD1b molecules contain a maze of hydrophobic pockets and a tunnel capable of accommodating the unusually long, branched acyl chain of mycolic acids, an essential fatty acid component of the cell wall of mycobacteria. It has been accepted that CD1b-bound mycolic acids constitute a scaffold for mycolate-containing (glyco)lipids stimulating CD1b-restricted T cells. Remarkable homology in amino acid sequence is observed between human and monkey CD1b molecules, and indeed, monkey CD1b molecules are able to bind glucose monomycolate (GMM), a glucosylated species of mycolic acids, and present it to specific human T cells<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. Nevertheless, we found, unexpectedly, that<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" content-type=\"genus-species\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Mycobacterium bovis<\/jats:named-content>bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-vaccinated monkeys exhibited GMM-specific T cell responses that were restricted by CD1c rather than CD1b molecules. GMM-specific, CD1c-restricted T cells were detected in the circulation of all 4 rhesus macaque monkeys tested after but not before vaccination with BCG. The circulating GMM-specific T cells were detected broadly in both CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cell populations, and upon antigenic stimulation, a majority of the GMM-specific T cells produced both gamma interferon (IFN-\u03b3) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-\u03b1), two major host protective cytokines functioning against infection with mycobacteria. Furthermore, the GMM-specific T cells were able to extravasate and approach the site of infection where CD1c<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>cells accumulated. These observations indicate a previously inconceivable role for primate CD1c molecules in eliciting T cell responses to mycolate-containing antigens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00871-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,7]],"date-time":"2012-11-07T07:52:36Z","timestamp":1352274756000},"page":"311-316","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Major T Cell Response to a Mycolyl Glycolipid Is Mediated by CD1c Molecules in Rhesus Macaques"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Morita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan"},{"name":"Laboratory of Primate Model, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Hattori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatsuhiko","family":"Igarashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Primate Model, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideyoshi","family":"Harashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahiko","family":"Sugita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/372691a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.278.5336.283"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.4.2382"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2008.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M805776200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20090898"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.217224"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.05.078"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2008.10.075"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101216"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2009.01148.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.1.366","article-title":"CD1-restricted microbial lipid antigen-specific recognition found in the CD8+ alpha beta T cell pool","volume":"162","author":"Rosat JP","year":"1999","unstructured":"RosatJPGrantEPBeckmanEMDascherCCSielingPAFrederiqueDModlinRLPorcelliSAFurlongSTBrennerMB. 1999. CD1-restricted microbial lipid antigen-specific recognition found in the CD8+ alpha beta T cell pool. J. Immunol. 162:366\u2013371.","journal-title":"J. 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