{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T03:37:50Z","timestamp":1790653070079,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]],"date-time":"2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459468800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["R21 AI094261"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 AI094261"]}]},{"name":"NIH Idea","award":["GM110732"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GM110732"]}]},{"name":"Murdock Foundation"},{"name":"Montana State University Agricultural Experimental Station"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infect Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:named-content>\n                    , the causative agent of Q fever, is an obligate intracellular, primarily pulmonary, bacterial pathogen. Although much is known about adaptive immune responses against this bacterium, our understanding of innate immune responses against\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. burnetii<\/jats:named-content>\n                    is not well defined, particularly within the target tissue for infection, the lung. Previous studies examined the roles of the innate immune system receptors Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 in peripheral infection models and described minimal phenotypes in specific gene deletion animals compared to those of their wild-type controls (S. Meghari et al., Ann N Y Acad Sci 1063:161\u2013166, 2005,\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1196\/annals.1355.025\">http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1196\/annals.1355.025<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    ; A. Honstettre et al., J Immunol 172:3695\u20133703, 2004,\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.172.6.3695\">http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.172.6.3695<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    ) . Here, we assessed the roles for TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88 in pulmonary\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. burnetii<\/jats:named-content>\n                    infection and compared responses to those that occurred in TLR2- and TLR4-deficient animals following peripheral infection. As observed previously, neither TLR2 nor TLR4 was needed for limiting bacterial growth after peripheral infection. In contrast, TLR2 and, to a lesser extent, TLR4 limited growth (or dissemination) of the bacterium in the lung and spleen after pulmonary infection. TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88 were not required for the general inflammatory response in the lungs after pulmonary infection. However, MyD88 signaling was important for infection-induced morbidity. Finally, TLR2 expression on hematopoietic cells was most important for limiting bacterial growth in the lung. These results expand on our knowledge of the roles for TLR2 and TLR4 in\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">C. burnetii<\/jats:named-content>\n                    infection and suggest various roles for these receptors that are dictated by the site of infection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00898-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,19]],"date-time":"2016-01-19T22:58:49Z","timestamp":1453244329000},"page":"940-949","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Roles of Toll-Like Receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4, and MyD88 during Pulmonary Coxiella burnetii Infection"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Andrew G.","family":"Ramstead","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Robison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Blackwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Jerome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett","family":"Freedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirk J.","family":"Lubick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jodi F.","family":"Hedges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Jutila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(92)90173-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.15.12.19520-en"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68266-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70052-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3049"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/br.25.3.285-293.1961"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.55.5.1144-1150.1987"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"209","article-title":"Coxiella burnetii: the \u201cquery\u201d fever bacterium. 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